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Solar lentigo

MedGen UID:
48619
•Concept ID:
C0036651
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Actinic lentigo; Lentigo Senilis; Liver spot; Senile lentigo; Solar Lentigo
SNOMED CT: Senile lentigo (72100002); Solar lentigo (72100002); Liver spot (72100002); Actinic lentigo (72100002)

Definition

Benign, pigmented spots on the skin that are associated with aging and exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The spots are found on areas of the body that are most often exposed to the sun; including the hands, face, shoulders, arms, forehead, and scalp. In some cases, this condition may mimic melanoma. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSolar lentigo

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of pigmented macules of the face: differential diagnosis and margin definition.
Farnetani F , Manfredini M , Chester J , Ciardo S , Gonzalez S , Pellacani G
Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019 May 15;18(5):963-969. doi: 10.1039/c8pp00525g. PMID: 30938378
Diagnosis and management of facial pigmented macules.
Lallas A, Argenziano G, Moscarella E, Longo C, Simonetti V, Zalaudek I
Clin Dermatol 2014 Jan-Feb;32(1):94-100. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.030. PMID: 24314382
Lentigo maligna: review of salient characteristics and management.
Kallini JR, Jain SK, Khachemoune A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Dec;14(6):473-80. doi: 10.1007/s40257-013-0044-6. PMID: 24019181

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The detectability of intraepidermal melanocytes-A narrative review of immunohistochemical studies.
Kuźbicki Ł, Brożyna AA
J Cutan Pathol 2022 Dec;49(12):1074-1089. Epub 2022 Sep 20 doi: 10.1111/cup.14295. PMID: 35851493
The limitations of dermoscopy: false-positive and false-negative tumours.
Papageorgiou V, Apalla Z, Sotiriou E, Papageorgiou C, Lazaridou E, Vakirlis S, Ioannides D, Lallas A
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Jun;32(6):879-888. Epub 2018 Jan 24 doi: 10.1111/jdv.14782. PMID: 29314288
Unstable solar lentigo: A defined separate entity.
Byrom L, Barksdale S, Weedon D, Muir J
Australas J Dermatol 2016 Aug;57(3):229-34. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/ajd.12447. PMID: 26832231
Spreading pigmented actinic keratosis: a review.
Uhlenhake EE, Sangueza OP, Lee AD, Jorizzo JL
J Am Acad Dermatol 2010 Sep;63(3):499-506. Epub 2010 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.07.026. PMID: 20334953
Cryosurgery for common skin conditions.
Andrews MD
Am Fam Physician 2004 May 15;69(10):2365-72. PMID: 15168956

Diagnosis

The limitations of dermoscopy: false-positive and false-negative tumours.
Papageorgiou V, Apalla Z, Sotiriou E, Papageorgiou C, Lazaridou E, Vakirlis S, Ioannides D, Lallas A
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Jun;32(6):879-888. Epub 2018 Jan 24 doi: 10.1111/jdv.14782. PMID: 29314288
Unstable solar lentigo: A defined separate entity.
Byrom L, Barksdale S, Weedon D, Muir J
Australas J Dermatol 2016 Aug;57(3):229-34. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/ajd.12447. PMID: 26832231
Lentigo maligna: review of salient characteristics and management.
Kallini JR, Jain SK, Khachemoune A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Dec;14(6):473-80. doi: 10.1007/s40257-013-0044-6. PMID: 24019181
Spreading pigmented actinic keratosis: a review.
Uhlenhake EE, Sangueza OP, Lee AD, Jorizzo JL
J Am Acad Dermatol 2010 Sep;63(3):499-506. Epub 2010 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.07.026. PMID: 20334953
Cryosurgery in dermatology.
Zouboulis CC
Eur J Dermatol 1998 Oct-Nov;8(7):466-74. PMID: 9854156

Therapy

Melanocyte Activation Mechanisms and Rational Therapeutic Treatments of Solar Lentigos.
Imokawa G
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jul 26;20(15) doi: 10.3390/ijms20153666. PMID: 31357457Free PMC Article
Recent development of signaling pathways inhibitors of melanogenesis.
Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Jung SH
Cell Signal 2017 Dec;40:99-115. Epub 2017 Sep 12 doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.004. PMID: 28911859
Unstable solar lentigo: A defined separate entity.
Byrom L, Barksdale S, Weedon D, Muir J
Australas J Dermatol 2016 Aug;57(3):229-34. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/ajd.12447. PMID: 26832231
Biological processes in solar lentigo: insights brought by experimental models.
Goorochurn R, Viennet C, Granger C, Fanian F, Varin-Blank N, Roy CL, Humbert P
Exp Dermatol 2016 Mar;25(3):174-7. doi: 10.1111/exd.12937. PMID: 26739821
The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents--existing and new approaches.
Gillbro JM, Olsson MJ
Int J Cosmet Sci 2011 Jun;33(3):210-21. Epub 2011 Jan 25 doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00616.x. PMID: 21265866

Prognosis

Predictors of subsequent primary melanoma: a case-control study.
Bellinato F, Rosina P, Tonin B, Gisondi P, Girolomoni G
Arch Dermatol Res 2022 Nov;314(9):881-885. Epub 2021 Nov 26 doi: 10.1007/s00403-021-02309-9. PMID: 34825952
Seven Non-melanoma Features to Rule Out Facial Melanoma.
Tschandl P, Gambardella A, Boespflug A, Deinlein T, de Giorgi V, Kittler H, Lallas A, Malvehy J, Moscarella E, Puig S, Scalvenzi M, Thomas L, Zalaudek I, Alfano R, Argenziano G
Acta Derm Venereol 2017 Nov 15;97(10):1219-1224. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2759. PMID: 28761960
The Clinical and Histological Effect of a Low-Fluence Q-Switched 1,064-nm Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser for the Treatment of Melasma and Solar Lentigenes in Asians: Prospective, Randomized, and Split-Face Comparative Study.
Kaminaka C, Furukawa F, Yamamoto Y
Dermatol Surg 2017 Sep;43(9):1120-1133. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000001120. PMID: 28328709
Nonmelanocytic lesions defying the two-step dermoscopy algorithm.
Scope A, Benvenuto-Andrade C, Agero AL, Marghoob AA
Dermatol Surg 2006 Nov;32(11):1398-406. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32312.x. PMID: 17083595
Cryosurgery in dermatology.
Zouboulis CC
Eur J Dermatol 1998 Oct-Nov;8(7):466-74. PMID: 9854156

Clinical prediction guides

Morphological features of benign pigmented ear lesions: a cross-sectional study.
Rishpon A, Sprecher E, Dusza SW, Kleinman E, Haupt S, Rabinovitz H, Scope A
Int J Dermatol 2022 Feb;61(2):208-215. Epub 2021 Jul 4 doi: 10.1111/ijd.15754. PMID: 34219231
Melanocyte Activation Mechanisms and Rational Therapeutic Treatments of Solar Lentigos.
Imokawa G
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jul 26;20(15) doi: 10.3390/ijms20153666. PMID: 31357457Free PMC Article
Unstable solar lentigo: A defined separate entity.
Byrom L, Barksdale S, Weedon D, Muir J
Australas J Dermatol 2016 Aug;57(3):229-34. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1111/ajd.12447. PMID: 26832231
Mechanisms underlying post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation: lessons from solar lentigo.
Cardinali G, Kovacs D, Picardo M
Ann Dermatol Venereol 2012 Dec;139 Suppl 4:S148-52. doi: 10.1016/S0151-9638(12)70127-8. PMID: 23522630
Nonmelanocytic lesions defying the two-step dermoscopy algorithm.
Scope A, Benvenuto-Andrade C, Agero AL, Marghoob AA
Dermatol Surg 2006 Nov;32(11):1398-406. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32312.x. PMID: 17083595

Recent systematic reviews

Reflectance confocal microscopy terminology glossary for nonmelanocytic skin lesions: A systematic review.
Navarrete-Dechent C, DeRosa AP, Longo C, Liopyris K, Oliviero M, Rabinovitz H, Marghoob AA, Halpern AC, Pellacani G, Scope A, Jain M
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 May;80(5):1414-1427.e3. Epub 2018 Dec 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.12.007. PMID: 30529706Free PMC Article

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