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Stasis dermatitis

MedGen UID:
507630
•Concept ID:
C0011620
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Gravitational eczema; Stasis eczema; Varicose dermatitis; Varicose eczema; Varicose eczema leg; Varicose veins of the leg with eczema; Venous eczema
SNOMED CT: Varicose dermatitis (366362000); Varicose veins of the leg with eczema (275700003); Varicose eczema leg (275700003); Gravitational eczema (35498005); Varicose eczema (366362000); Venous eczema (366362000); Stasis dermatitis (35498005); Stasis eczema (35498005)
 
HPO: HP:0033564

Definition

Stasis dermatitis commonly occurs in older age. It is caused by venous hypertension resulting from retrograde flow due to incompetent venous valves, valve destruction, or obstruction of the venous system. Further tissue changes arise from an inflammatory process mediated by metalloproteinases, which are up-regulated by ferric ion from extravasated red blood cells. Stasis dermatitis presents initially as poorly demarcated erythematous plaques of the lower legs bilaterally, classically involving the medial malleolus. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVStasis dermatitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Stasis Dermatitis: An Overview of Its Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Management.
Yosipovitch G, Nedorost ST, Silverberg JI, Friedman AJ, Canosa JM, Cha A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2023 Mar;24(2):275-286. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00753-5. PMID: 36800152Free PMC Article
Stasis Dermatitis: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management.
Sundaresan S, Migden MR, Silapunt S
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Jun;18(3):383-390. doi: 10.1007/s40257-016-0250-0. PMID: 28063094
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Lanolin.
Jenkins BA, Belsito DV
Dermatitis 2023 Jan-Feb;34(1):4-12. doi: 10.1089/derm.2022.0002. PMID: 36917502
Cutaneous findings in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.
Kılınç F, Akbaş A, Şener S, Hayran Y, Aktaş A
J Cosmet Dermatol 2022 May;21(5):2106-2112. Epub 2021 Jul 16 doi: 10.1111/jocd.14337. PMID: 34240795
Contact Dermatitis in the Elderly: Predisposing Factors, Diagnosis, and Management.
Lima AL, Timmermann V, Illing T, Elsner P
Drugs Aging 2019 May;36(5):411-417. doi: 10.1007/s40266-019-00641-4. PMID: 31037642
Common spongiotic dermatoses.
Gru AA, Salavaggione AL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 May;34(3):226-236. Epub 2017 Feb 10 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2017.02.002. PMID: 28237387
Hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids.
Vatti RR, Ali F, Teuber S, Chang C, Gershwin ME
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2014 Aug;47(1):26-37. doi: 10.1007/s12016-013-8365-z. PMID: 23567983

Diagnosis

Stasis Dermatitis: An Overview of Its Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Management.
Yosipovitch G, Nedorost ST, Silverberg JI, Friedman AJ, Canosa JM, Cha A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2023 Mar;24(2):275-286. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00753-5. PMID: 36800152Free PMC Article
Cellulitis: A Review of Current Practice Guidelines and Differentiation from Pseudocellulitis.
Boettler MA, Kaffenberger BH, Chung CG
Am J Clin Dermatol 2022 Mar;23(2):153-165. Epub 2021 Dec 13 doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00659-8. PMID: 34902109
Stasis Dermatitis: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management.
Sundaresan S, Migden MR, Silapunt S
Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Jun;18(3):383-390. doi: 10.1007/s40257-016-0250-0. PMID: 28063094
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641
Distinguishing cellulitis from its mimics.
Keller EC, Tomecki KJ, Alraies MC
Cleve Clin J Med 2012 Aug;79(8):547-52. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11121. PMID: 22854433

Therapy

Lanolin.
Jenkins BA, Belsito DV
Dermatitis 2023 Jan-Feb;34(1):4-12. doi: 10.1089/derm.2022.0002. PMID: 36917502
Contact allergy to and allergic contact dermatitis from formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers: A clinical review and update.
Goossens A, Aerts O
Contact Dermatitis 2022 Jul;87(1):20-27. Epub 2022 Mar 17 doi: 10.1111/cod.14089. PMID: 35229319
Cellulitis: A Review of Current Practice Guidelines and Differentiation from Pseudocellulitis.
Boettler MA, Kaffenberger BH, Chung CG
Am J Clin Dermatol 2022 Mar;23(2):153-165. Epub 2021 Dec 13 doi: 10.1007/s40257-021-00659-8. PMID: 34902109
Bilateral cellulitis.
Batra V, Baras A
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Sep 21;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-211117. PMID: 26392449Free PMC Article
Cellulitis: diagnosis and management.
Bailey E, Kroshinsky D
Dermatol Ther 2011 Mar-Apr;24(2):229-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01398.x. PMID: 21410612

Prognosis

Atypical ulcer arising on stasis dermatitis: achromic melanoma.
Janowska A, Davini G, Fidanzi C, Dini V, Loggini B, Bagnoni G, Romanelli M, D'Erme A
Wounds 2022 Feb;34(2):E10-E12. doi: 10.25270/wnds/2022.e1012. PMID: 35801966
The Epidemiology of Micro-arteriovenous Fistulas in the Lower Legs.
Serizawa F, Tanaka M, Shimizu T, Akamatsu D, Ohara M, Goto H, Kamei T
Ann Vasc Surg 2019 Apr;56:29-35. Epub 2018 Nov 28 doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.09.008. PMID: 30500644
Alitretinoin treatment of lichen amyloidosis.
Koh WS, Oh EH, Kim JE, Ro YS
Dermatol Ther 2017 Nov;30(6) Epub 2017 Sep 14 doi: 10.1111/dth.12537. PMID: 28906049
Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapeutic Paradigm of Mild to Recalcitrant Atopic Dermatitis.
Hussain Z, Sahudin S, Thu HE, Shuid AN, Bukhari SN, Kumolosasi E
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2016;33(3):213-263. doi: 10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2016015219. PMID: 27910751
Cellulitis: diagnosis and management.
Bailey E, Kroshinsky D
Dermatol Ther 2011 Mar-Apr;24(2):229-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01398.x. PMID: 21410612

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical tolerance of untreated reflux after iliac vein stent placement.
Saleem T, Lucas M, Thaggard D, Peeples H, Luke C, Raju S
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2023 Mar;11(2):294-301.e2. Epub 2022 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2022.09.009. PMID: 36265798
Cutaneous findings in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.
Kılınç F, Akbaş A, Şener S, Hayran Y, Aktaş A
J Cosmet Dermatol 2022 May;21(5):2106-2112. Epub 2021 Jul 16 doi: 10.1111/jocd.14337. PMID: 34240795
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of purulent and non-purulent cellulitis in hospitalized Taiwanese adults in the era of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Lee CY, Tsai HC, Kunin CM, Lee SS, Chen YS
BMC Infect Dis 2015 Aug 5;15:311. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-1064-z. PMID: 26242240Free PMC Article
Evidence that venous hypertension causes stasis dermatitis.
Sippel K, Mayer D, Ballmer B, Dragieva G, Läuchli S, French LE, Hafner J
Phlebology 2011 Dec;26(8):361-5. Epub 2011 Jun 6 doi: 10.1258/phleb.2010.010043. PMID: 21646304
Cellulitis: diagnosis and management.
Bailey E, Kroshinsky D
Dermatol Ther 2011 Mar-Apr;24(2):229-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01398.x. PMID: 21410612

Recent systematic reviews

Misdiagnosis of Uncomplicated Cellulitis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Nightingale R, Yadav K, Hamill L, Glasziou P, Scott AM, Clark J, Keijzers G
J Gen Intern Med 2023 Aug;38(10):2396-2404. Epub 2023 May 25 doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08229-w. PMID: 37231210Free PMC Article
Prevalence of misdiagnosis of cellulitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cutler TS, Jannat-Khah DP, Kam B, Mages KC, Evans AT
J Hosp Med 2023 Mar;18(3):254-261. Epub 2022 Oct 3 doi: 10.1002/jhm.12977. PMID: 36189619

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