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Spermatic cord torsion

MedGen UID:
52446
Concept ID:
C0037856
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Testicular torsion; TORSION OF TESTICULAR CORD
SNOMED CT: Torsion of testis (81996005); Torsion of testicle (81996005); Testicular torsion (81996005); Torsion of spermatic cord (49198006)
 
HPO: HP:0100813
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008541
OMIM®: 187400

Definition

Testicular torsion is when the spermatic cord to a testicle twists, cutting off the blood supply. The most common symptom is acute testicular pain. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Osumah TS, Jimbo M, Granberg CF, Gargollo PC
J Pediatr Urol 2018 Oct;14(5):394-401. Epub 2018 Jul 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.07.002. PMID: 30087037
Bitkin A, Aydın M, Özgür BC, Irkilata L, Akgunes E, Keles M, Sarıcı H, Atilla MK
Andrologia 2018 Feb;50(1) Epub 2017 May 12 doi: 10.1111/and.12819. PMID: 28497463
Remer EM, Casalino DD, Arellano RS, Bishoff JT, Coursey CA, Dighe M, Fulgham P, Israel GM, Lazarus E, Leyendecker JR, Majd M, Nikolaidis P, Papanicolaou N, Prasad S, Ramchandani P, Sheth S, Vikram R, Karmazyn B
Ultrasound Q 2012 Mar;28(1):47-51. doi: 10.1097/RUQ.0b013e3182493c97. PMID: 22357246

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ganjiani V, Bigham-Sadegh A, Ahmadi N, Divar MR, Meimandi-Parizi A, Asude M
J Pediatr Urol 2024 Apr;20(2):281.e1-281.e7. Epub 2024 Jan 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.001. PMID: 38212166
Guo X, Sun L, Lei W, Li S, Guo H
J Int Med Res 2020 Apr;48(4):300060519895861. Epub 2019 Dec 31 doi: 10.1177/0300060519895861. PMID: 31891289Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Kangwa M, Li Y, Tejwani NA, Copp HL, Naprawa J
Pediatr Emerg Med Pract 2024 Oct;21(10):1-24. Epub 2024 Oct 1 PMID: 39316672
Canbaz FA, Gerçel G, Sag S
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2024 Sep;30(9):685-693. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2024.52932. PMID: 39222498
Guo X, Sun L, Lei W, Li S, Guo H
J Int Med Res 2020 Apr;48(4):300060519895861. Epub 2019 Dec 31 doi: 10.1177/0300060519895861. PMID: 31891289Free PMC Article

Therapy

Li ZM
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 Dec;26(24):9126-9143. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202212_30663. PMID: 36591825
Bertolotto M, Muça M, Currò F, Bucci S, Rocher L, Cova MA
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 Apr;43(4):899-917. doi: 10.1007/s00261-018-1510-7. PMID: 29460046
Karaguzel E, Kadihasanoglu M, Kutlu O
Nat Rev Urol 2014 Jul;11(7):391-9. Epub 2014 Jun 17 doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.135. PMID: 24934447
Wren T
Nurs Clin North Am 2004 Jun;39(2):319-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2004.01.004. PMID: 15159182
Driver CP, Losty PD
Br J Urol 1998 Dec;82(6):855-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1998.00872.x. PMID: 9883224

Prognosis

Seizilles de Mazancourt E, Khene Z, Sbizerra M, Kaulanjan K, Plassais C, Bardet F, Pinar U, Duquesne I, Margue G, Ali Benali N, Berchiche W, Gaillard C, Wandoren W, Manuguerra A, Dang VT, Mauger de Varennes A, Hulin M, Gaillard V, Dominique I, Michiels C, Grevez T, Felber M, Vallee M, Gondran-Tellier B, Freton L, Lannes F, Pradère B, Matillon X
World J Urol 2023 Dec;41(12):3789-3794. Epub 2023 Oct 28 doi: 10.1007/s00345-023-04671-x. PMID: 37897515
Michail A, Ioanna G, Euaggelia S, Ioannis T, Christina P, Ioannis P
Urologia 2023 Aug;90(3):559-562. Epub 2023 Feb 18 doi: 10.1177/03915603231155676. PMID: 36800923
Shunmugam M, Goldman RD
Can Fam Physician 2021 Sep;67(9):669-671. doi: 10.46747/cfp.6709669. PMID: 34521708Free PMC Article
Moore CP, Marr JK, Huang CJ
Pediatr Emerg Care 2011 Feb;27(2):121-3. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318209af36. PMID: 21293219
Wren T
Nurs Clin North Am 2004 Jun;39(2):319-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2004.01.004. PMID: 15159182

Clinical prediction guides

Seizilles de Mazancourt E, Khene Z, Sbizerra M, Kaulanjan K, Plassais C, Bardet F, Pinar U, Duquesne I, Margue G, Ali Benali N, Berchiche W, Gaillard C, Wandoren W, Manuguerra A, Dang VT, Mauger de Varennes A, Hulin M, Gaillard V, Dominique I, Michiels C, Grevez T, Felber M, Vallee M, Gondran-Tellier B, Freton L, Lannes F, Pradère B, Matillon X
World J Urol 2023 Dec;41(12):3789-3794. Epub 2023 Oct 28 doi: 10.1007/s00345-023-04671-x. PMID: 37897515
Langan RC, Puente MEE
Am Fam Physician 2022 Aug;106(2):184-189. PMID: 35977130
Qin KR, Qu LG
J Urol 2022 Jul;208(1):62-70. Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002496. PMID: 35238603
Shunmugam M, Goldman RD
Can Fam Physician 2021 Sep;67(9):669-671. doi: 10.46747/cfp.6709669. PMID: 34521708Free PMC Article
He M, Li M, Zhang W
Andrologia 2020 Feb;52(1):e13477. Epub 2019 Nov 12 doi: 10.1111/and.13477. PMID: 31713875

Recent systematic reviews

Choudhury P, Saroya KK, Anand S, Agarwal P, Jain V, Dhua AK, Yadav DK, Agarwala S, Bajpai M, Mawar S, Afroz M, Verma V, Singh H, Goel P
Pediatr Surg Int 2023 Feb 22;39(1):137. doi: 10.1007/s00383-023-05401-5. PMID: 36811717
Qin KR, Qu LG
J Urol 2022 Jul;208(1):62-70. Epub 2022 Mar 3 doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002496. PMID: 35238603
Moore SL, Chebbout R, Cumberbatch M, Bondad J, Forster L, Hendry J, Lamb B, MacLennan S, Nambiar A, Shah TT, Stavrinides V, Thurtle D, Pearce I, Kasivisvanathan V
Eur Urol Focus 2021 Nov;7(6):1493-1503. Epub 2020 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2020.07.006. PMID: 32863201
Taghavi K, Dumble C, Hutson JM, Mushtaq I, Mirjalili SA
J Pediatr Surg 2021 Aug;56(8):1405-1410. Epub 2020 Jun 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.06.023. PMID: 32762939
MacDonald C, Kronfli R, Carachi R, O'Toole S
J Pediatr Urol 2018 Dec;14(6):503-509. Epub 2018 Oct 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.09.017. PMID: 30404723

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