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Fixed splitting of the second heart sound

MedGen UID:
534375
•Concept ID:
C0232235
•
Finding
Synonyms: Fixed split of second heart sound; Fixed Split S2 Heart Sound; Fixed splitting of S2
SNOMED CT: Fixed split of second heart sound (44531008)
 
HPO: HP:0031662

Definition

Lack of variation in the splitting between the two components of the second heart sound with respiration. Normally, the aortic valve closure (A2) is followed by the pulmonic valve closure (P2) but the A2-P2 interval increases with inspiration and decreases with expiration. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFixed splitting of the second heart sound

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and management of acyanotic heart disease: part II -- left-to-right shunt lesions.
Syamasundar Rao P
Indian J Pediatr 2005 Jun;72(6):503-12. doi: 10.1007/BF02724429. PMID: 15985740
Incidence and clinical features of asymptomatic atrial septal defect in school children diagnosed by heart disease screening.
Muta H, Akagi T, Egami K, Furui J, Sugahara Y, Ishii M, Matsuishi T
Circ J 2003 Feb;67(2):112-5. doi: 10.1253/circj.67.112. PMID: 12547990

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Presentation of atrial septal defect in the pediatric population.
Christensen DD, Vincent RN, Campbell RM
Pediatr Cardiol 2005 Nov-Dec;26(6):812-4. doi: 10.1007/s00246-005-0969-5. PMID: 16235001
Secundum atrial septal defect before and after surgery.
Madiyono B, Oesman IN, Sastroasmoro S, Putra ST, Soelaeman EJ, Rachmad KB
Paediatr Indones 1989 Sep-Oct;29(9-10):199-208. PMID: 2631026
Atrial septal defect--ostium secundum variety. A review of 117 cases.
Rodriguez R, Kuzman WJ
Calif Med 1968 Aug;109(2):105-11. PMID: 5673985Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

A novel methodology for evaluation of S(2) wide split via estimated parameters.
Sun S, Song W, Tong Y, Li X, Zhao M, Deng Q, Liu G, Liu Z, Liu C
Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2023 Dec;242:107777. Epub 2023 Aug 30 doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107777. PMID: 37714021
Atrial Septal Defect.
Bradley EA, Zaidi AN
Cardiol Clin 2020 Aug;38(3):317-324. Epub 2020 Jun 6 doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.04.001. PMID: 32622487
Presentation of atrial septal defect in the pediatric population.
Christensen DD, Vincent RN, Campbell RM
Pediatr Cardiol 2005 Nov-Dec;26(6):812-4. doi: 10.1007/s00246-005-0969-5. PMID: 16235001
Diagnosis and management of acyanotic heart disease: part II -- left-to-right shunt lesions.
Syamasundar Rao P
Indian J Pediatr 2005 Jun;72(6):503-12. doi: 10.1007/BF02724429. PMID: 15985740
Incidence and clinical features of asymptomatic atrial septal defect in school children diagnosed by heart disease screening.
Muta H, Akagi T, Egami K, Furui J, Sugahara Y, Ishii M, Matsuishi T
Circ J 2003 Feb;67(2):112-5. doi: 10.1253/circj.67.112. PMID: 12547990

Prognosis

Incidence and clinical features of asymptomatic atrial septal defect in school children diagnosed by heart disease screening.
Muta H, Akagi T, Egami K, Furui J, Sugahara Y, Ishii M, Matsuishi T
Circ J 2003 Feb;67(2):112-5. doi: 10.1253/circj.67.112. PMID: 12547990
Symptomatic atrial septal defect in infancy.
Joshi NC, Dalvi R, Merchant RH
Indian Pediatr 1993 Sep;30(9):1079-83. PMID: 8125592

Clinical prediction guides

Incidence and clinical features of asymptomatic atrial septal defect in school children diagnosed by heart disease screening.
Muta H, Akagi T, Egami K, Furui J, Sugahara Y, Ishii M, Matsuishi T
Circ J 2003 Feb;67(2):112-5. doi: 10.1253/circj.67.112. PMID: 12547990

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