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Fetal virilism

MedGen UID:
536476
•Concept ID:
C0235987
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Fetal Virilism; Fetal Virilization; Foetal virilism
SNOMED CT: Fetal virilism (95622006); Foetal virilism (95622006)

Definition

Inappropriate secondary sex characteristics in the neonate usually due to in utero androgen exposure. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFetal virilism

Professional guidelines

PubMed

EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Challenges in Prenatal Treatment with Dexamethasone.
McCann-Crosby B, Placencia FX, Adeyemi-Fowode O, Dietrich J, Franciskovich R, Gunn S, Axelrad M, Tu D, Mann D, Karaviti L, Sutton VR
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2018 Sep;16(1):186-193. doi: 10.17458/per.vol16.2018.mcpa.dexamethasone. PMID: 30371037Free PMC Article
Management of hirsutism.
Falsetti L, Gambera A, Platto C, Legrenzi L
Am J Clin Dermatol 2000 Mar-Apr;1(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200001020-00003. PMID: 11702316

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
Yau M, Khattab A, New MI
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2016 Jun;45(2):267-81. Epub 2016 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2016.01.001. PMID: 27241964
Adrenal disease in pregnancy.
Lekarev O, New MI
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Dec;25(6):959-73. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.08.004. PMID: 22115169
Management of hirsutism.
Falsetti L, Gambera A, Platto C, Legrenzi L
Am J Clin Dermatol 2000 Mar-Apr;1(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200001020-00003. PMID: 11702316
Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Goudas VT, Dumesic DA
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):893-912. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70286-3. PMID: 9429864
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Pang S
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):853-91. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70285-1. PMID: 9429863

Diagnosis

EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
Yau M, Khattab A, New MI
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2016 Jun;45(2):267-81. Epub 2016 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2016.01.001. PMID: 27241964
Hyperreactio Luteinalis: Maternal and Fetal Effects.
Malinowski AK, Sen J, Sermer M
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2015 Aug;37(8):715-723. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30176-6. PMID: 26474228
Adrenal disease in pregnancy.
Lekarev O, New MI
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Dec;25(6):959-73. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.08.004. PMID: 22115169
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Pang S
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):853-91. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70285-1. PMID: 9429863

Therapy

Androgens During Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence: Physiology and Use in Clinical Practice.
Mason KA, Schoelwer MJ, Rogol AD
Endocr Rev 2020 Jun 1;41(3) doi: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa003. PMID: 32115641
EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Adrenal disease in pregnancy.
Lekarev O, New MI
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Dec;25(6):959-73. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.08.004. PMID: 22115169
Management of hirsutism.
Falsetti L, Gambera A, Platto C, Legrenzi L
Am J Clin Dermatol 2000 Mar-Apr;1(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200001020-00003. PMID: 11702316
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Pang S
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):853-91. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70285-1. PMID: 9429863

Prognosis

Importance of Serum Testicular Protein Hormone Measurement in the Assessment of Disorders of Sex Development.
Freire AV, Grinspon RP, Rey RA
Sex Dev 2018;12(1-3):30-40. Epub 2017 Aug 30 doi: 10.1159/000479572. PMID: 28850950
Surgical outcomes and complications of reconstructive surgery in the female congenital adrenal hyperplasia patient: What every endocrinologist should know.
Wang LC, Poppas DP
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017 Jan;165(Pt A):137-144. Epub 2016 Mar 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.021. PMID: 26995108
Perspectives in Pediatric Pathology, Chapter 6. Male Undermasculinization.
Nistal M, Paniagua R, González-Peramato P, Reyes-Múgica M
Pediatr Dev Pathol 2015 Jul-Aug;18(4):279-96. Epub 2014 Aug 8 doi: 10.2350/14-04-1465-PB.1. PMID: 25105706
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Pang S
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):853-91. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70285-1. PMID: 9429863
Biochemical and molecular teratology of fetal hydantoin syndrome.
Buehler BA, Rao V, Finnell RH
Neurol Clin 1994 Nov;12(4):741-8. PMID: 7845340

Clinical prediction guides

5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency: is there a genotype-phenotype correlation? A review.
Avendaño A, Paradisi I, Cammarata-Scalisi F, Callea M
Hormones (Athens) 2018 Jun;17(2):197-204. Epub 2018 Apr 20 doi: 10.1007/s42000-018-0013-9. PMID: 29858846
Importance of Serum Testicular Protein Hormone Measurement in the Assessment of Disorders of Sex Development.
Freire AV, Grinspon RP, Rey RA
Sex Dev 2018;12(1-3):30-40. Epub 2017 Aug 30 doi: 10.1159/000479572. PMID: 28850950
Hyperreactio Luteinalis: Maternal and Fetal Effects.
Malinowski AK, Sen J, Sermer M
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2015 Aug;37(8):715-723. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30176-6. PMID: 26474228
Mosaics and moles.
Sunde L, Niemann I, Hansen ES, Hindkjaer J, Degn B, Jensen UB, Bolund L
Eur J Hum Genet 2011 Oct;19(10):1026-31. Epub 2011 Jun 8 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.93. PMID: 21654731Free PMC Article
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Pang S
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997 Dec;26(4):853-91. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70285-1. PMID: 9429863

Recent systematic reviews

Feto-maternal outcomes of pregnancy complicated by ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor: a systematic review of literature.
Blake EA, Carter CM, Kashani BN, Kodama M, Mabuchi S, Yoshino K, Matsuo K
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014 Apr;175:1-7. Epub 2013 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.12.025. PMID: 24439718
Progestogen for preventing miscarriage.
Haas DM, Ramsey PS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Oct 31;(10):CD003511. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003511.pub3. PMID: 24173668
Prenatal dexamethasone use for the prevention of virilization in pregnancies at risk for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2) deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analyses.
Mercè Fernández-Balsells M, Muthusamy K, Smushkin G, Lampropulos JF, Elamin MB, Abu Elnour NO, Elamin KB, Agrwal N, Gallegos-Orozco JF, Lane MA, Erwin PJ, Montori VM, Murad MH
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010 Oct;73(4):436-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03826.x. PMID: 20550539

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