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Neonatal toxic erythema

MedGen UID:
537820
•Concept ID:
C0263324
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Erythema neonatorum; Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum; Erythema toxicum neonatorum; ETN - erythema toxicum neonatorum; Neonatal erythema toxicum; Toxic erythema of newborn
SNOMED CT: Neonatal toxic erythema (1162449005); Erythema toxicum neonatorum (1162449005); Erythema neonatorum (1162449005); ETN - erythema toxicum neonatorum (1162449005); Neonatal erythema toxicum (1162449005); Toxic erythema of newborn (1162449005)

Definition

A benign, self-limited eruption of vesicles, pustules, papules and macules seen in newborns. An eosinophilic infiltrate can be isolated suggesting an immune-mediated reaction in the skin. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVNeonatal toxic erythema

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: acute ocular manifestations, causes, and management.
Chang YS, Huang FC, Tseng SH, Hsu CK, Ho CL, Sheu HM
Cornea 2007 Feb;26(2):123-9. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31802eb264. PMID: 17251797
Scalded skin syndrome: Diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management of 42 children.
Margileth AM
South Med J 1975 Apr;68(4):447-54. PMID: 123658
Treatment of staphylococcal toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Rudolph RI, Schwartz W, Leyden JJ
Arch Dermatol 1974 Oct;110(4):559-62. PMID: 4416730

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Predictors of 30-day readmission in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A cross-sectional database study.
Guzman AK, Zhang M, Kwatra SG, Kaffenberger BH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Feb;82(2):303-310. Epub 2019 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.09.017. PMID: 31542405
Nationwide Survey of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Children in the United States.
Okubo Y, Nochioka K, Testa MA
Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Mar;34(2):206-208. Epub 2016 Dec 19 doi: 10.1111/pde.13050. PMID: 27990674
A prevalence survey of dermatoses in the Australian neonate.
Rivers JK, Frederiksen PC, Dibdin C
J Am Acad Dermatol 1990 Jul;23(1):77-81. doi: 10.1016/0190-9622(90)70190-s. PMID: 2365880
The incidence of birthmarks in the neonate.
Jacobs AH, Walton RG
Pediatrics 1976 Aug;58(2):218-22. PMID: 951136
Toxic epidermal necrolysis. A review of 75 cases in children.
Rasmussen JE
Arch Dermatol 1975 Sep;111(9):1135-9. doi: 10.1001/archderm.111.9.1135. PMID: 1167045

Diagnosis

Neonatal toxic shock syndrome-like exanthematous disease: A French case series.
Gerard R, Lehours P, Boralevi F, Sarlangue J
Pediatr Dermatol 2023 Mar;40(2):349-351. Epub 2022 Oct 28 doi: 10.1111/pde.15165. PMID: 36305593
Neonatal Toxic Shock Syndrome-Like Exanthematous Disease in North America.
Freeman MC, Mitchell S, Ibrahim J, Williams JV
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021 Mar 26;10(2):205-206. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piz060. PMID: 31550351
Neonatal skin disorders.
Mallory SB
Pediatr Clin North Am 1991 Aug;38(4):745-61. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38152-4. PMID: 1870904
Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome.
Mirabile R, Weiser M, Barot LR, Brown AS
Plast Reconstr Surg 1986 May;77(5):752-6. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198605000-00009. PMID: 3703998
The incidence of birthmarks in the neonate.
Jacobs AH, Walton RG
Pediatrics 1976 Aug;58(2):218-22. PMID: 951136

Therapy

Infantile toxic epidermal necrolysis: Successful treatment of an 8-week-old with intravenous immunoglobulin and amniotic membrane transplant.
Nassim JS, Karim SA, Grenier PO, Schmidt B, Jones KM
Pediatr Dermatol 2021 Jan;38(1):202-205. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1111/pde.14376. PMID: 33125180
Toxic epidermal necrolysis in a neonate receiving fluconazole.
Islam S, Singer M, Kulhanjian JA
J Perinatol 2014 Oct;34(10):792-4. doi: 10.1038/jp.2014.92. PMID: 25263725
Boric acid toxicity.
Siegel E, Wason S
Pediatr Clin North Am 1986 Apr;33(2):363-7. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)35006-4. PMID: 2870462
The staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.
Dowsett EG
J Hosp Infect 1984 Dec;5(4):347-54. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(84)90001-x. PMID: 6085088
Toxic epidermal necrolysis. A review of 75 cases in children.
Rasmussen JE
Arch Dermatol 1975 Sep;111(9):1135-9. doi: 10.1001/archderm.111.9.1135. PMID: 1167045

Prognosis

Infantile toxic epidermal necrolysis: Successful treatment of an 8-week-old with intravenous immunoglobulin and amniotic membrane transplant.
Nassim JS, Karim SA, Grenier PO, Schmidt B, Jones KM
Pediatr Dermatol 2021 Jan;38(1):202-205. Epub 2020 Oct 30 doi: 10.1111/pde.14376. PMID: 33125180
Predictors of 30-day readmission in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A cross-sectional database study.
Guzman AK, Zhang M, Kwatra SG, Kaffenberger BH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Feb;82(2):303-310. Epub 2019 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.09.017. PMID: 31542405
Toxic epidermal necrolysis in a neonate receiving fluconazole.
Islam S, Singer M, Kulhanjian JA
J Perinatol 2014 Oct;34(10):792-4. doi: 10.1038/jp.2014.92. PMID: 25263725
A 3-day-old boy with a right preauricular swelling.
Akgun C, Peker E, Akbayram S, Dogan M, Tuncer O, Kirimi E
Eur J Pediatr 2010 May;169(5):637-8. Epub 2010 Jan 15 doi: 10.1007/s00431-009-1114-x. PMID: 20082098
Toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Greer KE
Cutis 1979 Nov;24(5):565-8. PMID: 520035

Clinical prediction guides

Predictors of 30-day readmission in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A cross-sectional database study.
Guzman AK, Zhang M, Kwatra SG, Kaffenberger BH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Feb;82(2):303-310. Epub 2019 Sep 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.09.017. PMID: 31542405
Nationwide Survey of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Children in the United States.
Okubo Y, Nochioka K, Testa MA
Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Mar;34(2):206-208. Epub 2016 Dec 19 doi: 10.1111/pde.13050. PMID: 27990674
Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults.
Hu X, Fang Y, Hui X, Jv Y, You C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Jun 27;2016(6):CD010439. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010439.pub2. PMID: 27378212Free PMC Article
Staphylococcal cutaneous infections: invasion, evasion and aggression.
Iwatsuki K, Yamasaki O, Morizane S, Oono T
J Dermatol Sci 2006 Jun;42(3):203-14. Epub 2006 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.03.011. PMID: 16679003
Maternal toxicity with continuous nevirapine in pregnancy: results from PACTG 1022.
Hitti J, Frenkel LM, Stek AM, Nachman SA, Baker D, Gonzalez-Garcia A, Provisor A, Thorpe EM, Paul ME, Foca M, Gandia J, Huang S, Wei LJ, Stevens LM, Watts DH, McNamara J; PACTG 1022 Study Team
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004 Jul 1;36(3):772-6. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200407010-00002. PMID: 15213559

Recent systematic reviews

Algorithm to attenuate atopic dermatitis and for promoting a healthy skin barrier using skincare in newborns and infants.
Schachner LA, Blume-Peytavi U, Andriessen A, Izakovic J, Maruani A, Micali G, Murashkin N, Salavastru C, Torrelo A
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2023 Jun;158(3):224-235. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07336-X. PMID: 37278500
Infantile Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A systematic review of clinical features and outcomes in children ages 12 months and under.
Iriarte C, Karim SA, Nassim JS, Grenier PO, Massey KJ
Pediatr Dermatol 2022 Nov;39(6):876-882. Epub 2022 Jun 8 doi: 10.1111/pde.15047. PMID: 35676891
Radiotherapy for diffuse brainstem glioma in children and young adults.
Hu X, Fang Y, Hui X, Jv Y, You C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Jun 27;2016(6):CD010439. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010439.pub2. PMID: 27378212Free PMC Article

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