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Osmotic diarrheal disease

MedGen UID:
540779
•Concept ID:
C0267556
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Osmotic diarrhea
SNOMED CT: Osmotic diarrhea (2946003); Permeability diarrhea (2946003)
 
HPO: HP:0033310
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000250

Definition

Osmotic diarrhea results from the presence of osmotically active, poorly absorbed solutes in the bowel lumen that inhibit normal water and electrolyte absorption. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVOsmotic diarrheal disease

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diet and Management of Diarrhea.
Shankar S, Durairaj E
Indian J Pediatr 2024 Jun;91(6):590-597. Epub 2023 Jul 22 doi: 10.1007/s12098-023-04737-z. PMID: 37480452
Strategies for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibition: from molecular mechanisms to treatment for secretory diarrhoeas.
de Jonge HR, Ardelean MC, Bijvelds MJC, Vergani P
FEBS Lett 2020 Dec;594(23):4085-4108. Epub 2020 Nov 16 doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.13971. PMID: 33113586Free PMC Article
Anti-diarrheal effects of diosmectite in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a review.
Dupont C, Vernisse B
Paediatr Drugs 2009;11(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200911020-00001. PMID: 19301931Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

HldE Is Important for Virulence Phenotypes in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Maigaard Hermansen GM, Boysen A, Krogh TJ, Nawrocki A, Jelsbak L, Møller-Jensen J
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018;8:253. Epub 2018 Aug 7 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00253. PMID: 30131942Free PMC Article
Congenital intestinal diarrhoeal diseases: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Posovszky C
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016 Apr;30(2):187-211. Epub 2016 Mar 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2016.03.004. PMID: 27086885
Congenital diarrheal disorders: an updated diagnostic approach.
Terrin G, Tomaiuolo R, Passariello A, Elce A, Amato F, Di Costanzo M, Castaldo G, Canani RB
Int J Mol Sci 2012;13(4):4168-4185. Epub 2012 Mar 29 doi: 10.3390/ijms13044168. PMID: 22605972Free PMC Article
Water distribution system and diarrheal disease transmission: a case study in Uzbekistan.
Semenza JC, Roberts L, Henderson A, Bogan J, Rubin CH
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998 Dec;59(6):941-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.941. PMID: 9886204
Differentiation of osmotic and secretory diarrhoea by stool carbohydrate and osmolar gap measurements.
Castro-Rodríguez JA, Salazar-Lindo E, León-Barúa R
Arch Dis Child 1997 Sep;77(3):201-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.77.3.201. PMID: 9370895Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Congenital intestinal diarrhoeal diseases: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Posovszky C
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016 Apr;30(2):187-211. Epub 2016 Mar 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2016.03.004. PMID: 27086885
Congenital diarrheal disorders: an updated diagnostic approach.
Terrin G, Tomaiuolo R, Passariello A, Elce A, Amato F, Di Costanzo M, Castaldo G, Canani RB
Int J Mol Sci 2012;13(4):4168-4185. Epub 2012 Mar 29 doi: 10.3390/ijms13044168. PMID: 22605972Free PMC Article
Enteric pathogens, intestinal permeability and nitric oxide production in acute gastroenteritis.
Kukuruzovic R, Robins-Browne RM, Anstey NM, Brewster DR
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002 Aug;21(8):730-9. doi: 10.1097/00006454-200208000-00007. PMID: 12192160
Differentiation of osmotic and secretory diarrhoea by stool carbohydrate and osmolar gap measurements.
Castro-Rodríguez JA, Salazar-Lindo E, León-Barúa R
Arch Dis Child 1997 Sep;77(3):201-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.77.3.201. PMID: 9370895Free PMC Article
Clinical and laboratory approaches to evaluate diarrheal disorders.
Shiau YF
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1987;25(1):43-69. doi: 10.3109/10408368709105877. PMID: 3301211

Therapy

Mechanisms underlying the laxative effect of lactulose: A randomized placebo-controlled trial showing increased small bowel water and motility unaltered by the 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, ondansetron.
Gunn D, Yeldho C, Hoad C, Menys A, Gowland P, Marciani L, Spiller R
Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024 Apr;36(4):e14754. Epub 2024 Feb 5 doi: 10.1111/nmo.14754. PMID: 38316636
Alterations in the colonic microbiota in response to osmotic diarrhea.
Gorkiewicz G, Thallinger GG, Trajanoski S, Lackner S, Stocker G, Hinterleitner T, Gülly C, Högenauer C
PLoS One 2013;8(2):e55817. Epub 2013 Feb 8 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055817. PMID: 23409050Free PMC Article
Anti-diarrheal effects of diosmectite in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a review.
Dupont C, Vernisse B
Paediatr Drugs 2009;11(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200911020-00001. PMID: 19301931Free PMC Article
Water distribution system and diarrheal disease transmission: a case study in Uzbekistan.
Semenza JC, Roberts L, Henderson A, Bogan J, Rubin CH
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998 Dec;59(6):941-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.941. PMID: 9886204
Oral rehydration therapy: comparison of a commercial product with the standard solution.
David CB, Pyles LL, Pizzuti AM
J Diarrhoeal Dis Res 1986 Dec;4(4):222-6. PMID: 3312389

Prognosis

Anti-diarrheal effects of diosmectite in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children: a review.
Dupont C, Vernisse B
Paediatr Drugs 2009;11(2):89-99. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200911020-00001. PMID: 19301931Free PMC Article
Differentiation of osmotic and secretory diarrhoea by stool carbohydrate and osmolar gap measurements.
Castro-Rodríguez JA, Salazar-Lindo E, León-Barúa R
Arch Dis Child 1997 Sep;77(3):201-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.77.3.201. PMID: 9370895Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Integrated Meta-omics Reveals a Fungus-Associated Bacteriome and Distinct Functional Pathways in Clostridioides difficile Infection.
Stewart DB Sr, Wright JR, Fowler M, McLimans CJ, Tokarev V, Amaniera I, Baker O, Wong HT, Brabec J, Drucker R, Lamendella R
mSphere 2019 Aug 28;4(4) doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00454-19. PMID: 31462412Free PMC Article
Alterations in the colonic microbiota in response to osmotic diarrhea.
Gorkiewicz G, Thallinger GG, Trajanoski S, Lackner S, Stocker G, Hinterleitner T, Gülly C, Högenauer C
PLoS One 2013;8(2):e55817. Epub 2013 Feb 8 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055817. PMID: 23409050Free PMC Article
Differentiation of osmotic and secretory diarrhoea by stool carbohydrate and osmolar gap measurements.
Castro-Rodríguez JA, Salazar-Lindo E, León-Barúa R
Arch Dis Child 1997 Sep;77(3):201-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.77.3.201. PMID: 9370895Free PMC Article
Intestinal ion and nutrient transport in health and infectious diarrhoeal diseases.
Guandalini S
Drugs 1988;36 Suppl 4:26-38. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198800364-00006. PMID: 3069442

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