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Gestational diabetes mellitus class A2

MedGen UID:
543481
•Concept ID:
C0271663
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, A2; Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, A2 White Classification
SNOMED CT: Gestational diabetes mellitus class A2 (46894009)

Definition

Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy. Diagnosis from abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and abnormal fasting or post-prandial glucose levels. Euglycemia achieved with medication. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVGestational diabetes mellitus class A2

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Fetal cardiac morphology and geometry in pregnancies with class A1 and A2 gestational diabetes mellitus.
Turgut E, Turan G, Özdemir H, Aktulum F, Bayram M, Karcaaltincaba D
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022 Mar;35(6):1023-1027. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2035712. PMID: 35105246
Gestational Diabetes Type 2: Variation in High-Density Lipoproteins Composition and Function.
Pasternak Y, Biron-Shental T, Ohana M, Einbinder Y, Arbib N, Benchetrit S, Zitman-Gal T
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Aug 30;21(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms21176281. PMID: 32872663Free PMC Article
Compliance with Postpartum Diabetes Screening Recommendations for Patients with Gestational Diabetes.
Rosenbloom JI, Blanchard MH
J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018 Apr;27(4):498-502. Epub 2017 Dec 6 doi: 10.1089/jwh.2017.6477. PMID: 29211594
Breastfeeding initiation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Cordero L, Gabbe SG, Landon MB, Nankervis CA
J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2013 Jan 1;6(4):303-10. doi: 10.3233/NPM-1372513. PMID: 24441086
Outcome of pregnancy in class A1 and A2 gestational diabetic patients delivered beyond 40 weeks' gestation.
Lurie S, Matzkel A, Weissman A, Gotlibe Z, Friedman A
Am J Perinatol 1992 Sep-Nov;9(5-6):484-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999294. PMID: 1418162

Diagnosis

Fetal cardiac morphology and geometry in pregnancies with class A1 and A2 gestational diabetes mellitus.
Turgut E, Turan G, Özdemir H, Aktulum F, Bayram M, Karcaaltincaba D
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022 Mar;35(6):1023-1027. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2035712. PMID: 35105246
Compliance with Postpartum Diabetes Screening Recommendations for Patients with Gestational Diabetes.
Rosenbloom JI, Blanchard MH
J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2018 Apr;27(4):498-502. Epub 2017 Dec 6 doi: 10.1089/jwh.2017.6477. PMID: 29211594
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus.
Boriboonhirunsarn D, Talungjit P, Sunsaneevithayakul P, Sirisomboon R
J Med Assoc Thai 2006 Oct;89 Suppl 4:S23-8. PMID: 17725139
Diabetic embryopathy.
Kousseff BG
Curr Opin Pediatr 1999 Aug;11(4):348-52. doi: 10.1097/00008480-199908000-00014. PMID: 10439209
Outcome of pregnancy in class A1 and A2 gestational diabetic patients delivered beyond 40 weeks' gestation.
Lurie S, Matzkel A, Weissman A, Gotlibe Z, Friedman A
Am J Perinatol 1992 Sep-Nov;9(5-6):484-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999294. PMID: 1418162

Therapy

Impact of aspirin on fetal growth in diabetic pregnancies according to White classification.
Adkins K, Allshouse AA, Metz TD, Heyborne KD
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017 Oct;217(4):465.e1-465.e5. Epub 2017 Jun 30 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.05.062. PMID: 28599894Free PMC Article
The pharmacological prevention of pre-eclampsia.
Dekker GA
Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1995 Sep;9(3):509-28. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3552(05)80378-5. PMID: 8846553
Effect of low-dose oral contraceptives on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in women with recent gestational diabetes: results of a controlled, randomized, prospective study.
Kjos SL, Shoupe D, Douyan S, Friedman RL, Bernstein GS, Mestman JH, Mishell DR Jr
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990 Dec;163(6 Pt 1):1822-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90757-x. PMID: 2256489
Effects of oral contraceptives on the borderline NIDD patient.
Shoupe D, Kjos S
Int J Fertil 1988;33 Suppl:27-34. PMID: 2908038

Prognosis

Breastfeeding initiation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Cordero L, Gabbe SG, Landon MB, Nankervis CA
J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2013 Jan 1;6(4):303-10. doi: 10.3233/NPM-1372513. PMID: 24441086
Clinical predictors for a high risk for the development of diabetes mellitus in the early puerperium in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus.
Schaefer-Graf UM, Buchanan TA, Xiang AH, Peters RK, Kjos SL
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002 Apr;186(4):751-6. doi: 10.1067/mob.2002.121895. PMID: 11967502
The pharmacological prevention of pre-eclampsia.
Dekker GA
Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1995 Sep;9(3):509-28. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3552(05)80378-5. PMID: 8846553
Outcome of pregnancy in class A1 and A2 gestational diabetic patients delivered beyond 40 weeks' gestation.
Lurie S, Matzkel A, Weissman A, Gotlibe Z, Friedman A
Am J Perinatol 1992 Sep-Nov;9(5-6):484-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999294. PMID: 1418162
Gestational diabetes mellitus. Correlations between the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the mother and abnormal glucose tolerance during the first year postpartum.
Metzger BE, Bybee DE, Freinkel N, Phelps RL, Radvany RM, Vaisrub N
Diabetes 1985 Jun;34 Suppl 2:111-5. doi: 10.2337/diab.34.2.s111. PMID: 3888736

Clinical prediction guides

Gestational Diabetes Type 2: Variation in High-Density Lipoproteins Composition and Function.
Pasternak Y, Biron-Shental T, Ohana M, Einbinder Y, Arbib N, Benchetrit S, Zitman-Gal T
Int J Mol Sci 2020 Aug 30;21(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms21176281. PMID: 32872663Free PMC Article
Breastfeeding initiation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Cordero L, Gabbe SG, Landon MB, Nankervis CA
J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2013 Jan 1;6(4):303-10. doi: 10.3233/NPM-1372513. PMID: 24441086
Gestational diabetes mellitus (class A): a human teratogen?
Kousseff BG
Am J Med Genet 1999 Apr 23;83(5):402-8. PMID: 10232752
Effects of gestational and overt diabetes on human placental cytochromes P450 and glutathione S-transferase.
McRobie DJ, Glover DD, Tracy TS
Drug Metab Dispos 1998 Apr;26(4):367-71. PMID: 9531526
Gestational diabetes mellitus. Correlations between the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the mother and abnormal glucose tolerance during the first year postpartum.
Metzger BE, Bybee DE, Freinkel N, Phelps RL, Radvany RM, Vaisrub N
Diabetes 1985 Jun;34 Suppl 2:111-5. doi: 10.2337/diab.34.2.s111. PMID: 3888736

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