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Tuberculoid leprosy

MedGen UID:
6050
•Concept ID:
C0023351
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Leprosies, Tuberculoid; Leprosy, Tuberculoid; Tuberculoid Leprosies; Tuberculoid Leprosy
SNOMED CT: Tuberculoid leprosy (70143003); Type T leprosy (70143003); Full tuberculoid leprosy (70143003); Type TT leprosy (70143003); TT - Full tuberculoid leprosy (70143003); Smooth leprosy (70143003); Tuberculoid Hansen's disease (leprosy) (70143003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005126

Definition

A principal or polar form of leprosy in which the skin lesions are few and are sharply demarcated. Peripheral nerve involvement is pronounced and may be severe. Unlike lepromatous leprosy (leprosy, lepromatous), the lepromin test is positive. Tuberculoid leprosy is rarely a source of infection to others. [from MONDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Epidemiology of leprosy and response to treatment in Hong Kong.
Ho CK, Lo KK
Hong Kong Med J 2006 Jun;12(3):174-9. PMID: 16760543
Reactions and their management.
Ganapati R, Pai VV
J Indian Med Assoc 2004 Dec;102(12):688-90, 692, 694. PMID: 15871353
Association of vitamin D receptor genotype with leprosy type.
Roy S, Frodsham A, Saha B, Hazra SK, Mascie-Taylor CG, Hill AV
J Infect Dis 1999 Jan;179(1):187-91. doi: 10.1086/314536. PMID: 9841838

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Primary neural leprosy: clinical, neurophysiological and pathological presentation and progression.
Tomaselli PJ, Dos Santos DF, Dos Santos ACJ, Antunes DE, Marques VD, Foss NT, Moreira CL, Nogueira PTB, Nascimento OJM, Neder L, Barreira AA, Frade MA, Goulart IMB, Marques W
Brain 2022 May 24;145(4):1499-1506. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab396. PMID: 34664630
Dermatoscopy in leprosy and its correlation with clinical spectrum and histopathology: a prospective observational study.
Vinay K, Kamat D, Chatterjee D, Narang T, Dogra S
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Oct;33(10):1947-1951. Epub 2019 May 20 doi: 10.1111/jdv.15635. PMID: 31004456
Histopathology of the lepromatous skin biopsy.
Massone C, Belachew WA, Schettini A
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.10.003. PMID: 25432809
Clinical aspects of leprosy.
Talhari C, Talhari S, Penna GO
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.002. PMID: 25432808
Leprosy. Recognition and treatment.
Ramos-e-Silva M, Rebello PF
Am J Clin Dermatol 2001;2(4):203-11. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200102040-00001. PMID: 11705247

Diagnosis

Primary neural leprosy: clinical, neurophysiological and pathological presentation and progression.
Tomaselli PJ, Dos Santos DF, Dos Santos ACJ, Antunes DE, Marques VD, Foss NT, Moreira CL, Nogueira PTB, Nascimento OJM, Neder L, Barreira AA, Frade MA, Goulart IMB, Marques W
Brain 2022 May 24;145(4):1499-1506. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab396. PMID: 34664630
Dermoscopy of borderline tuberculoid leprosy.
Ankad BS, Sakhare PS
Int J Dermatol 2018 Jan;57(1):74-76. Epub 2017 Aug 22 doi: 10.1111/ijd.13731. PMID: 28833001
Tuberculosis and Leprosy: Classical Granulomatous Diseases in the Twenty-First Century.
Scollard DM, Dacso MM, Abad-Venida ML
Dermatol Clin 2015 Jul;33(3):541-62. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2015.03.016. PMID: 26143431
Histopathology of the lepromatous skin biopsy.
Massone C, Belachew WA, Schettini A
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.10.003. PMID: 25432809
Leprous neuropathy.
de Freitas MR, Said G
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;115:499-514. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00028-X. PMID: 23931798

Therapy

Tuberculosis and Leprosy: Classical Granulomatous Diseases in the Twenty-First Century.
Scollard DM, Dacso MM, Abad-Venida ML
Dermatol Clin 2015 Jul;33(3):541-62. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2015.03.016. PMID: 26143431
Clinical aspects of leprosy.
Talhari C, Talhari S, Penna GO
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.002. PMID: 25432808
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article
Leprosy. Recognition and treatment.
Ramos-e-Silva M, Rebello PF
Am J Clin Dermatol 2001;2(4):203-11. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200102040-00001. PMID: 11705247

Prognosis

BCG and Adverse Events in the Context of Leprosy.
Richardus R, van Hooij A, van den Eeden SJF, Wilson L, Alam K, Richardus JH, Geluk A
Front Immunol 2018;9:629. Epub 2018 Apr 4 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00629. PMID: 29670618Free PMC Article
Presentations, Signs of Activity, and Differential Diagnosis of Vitiligo.
Goh BK, Pandya AG
Dermatol Clin 2017 Apr;35(2):135-144. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2016.11.004. PMID: 28317523
Clinical aspects of leprosy.
Talhari C, Talhari S, Penna GO
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):26-37. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.002. PMID: 25432808
Erythema nodosum leprosum: reactional leprosy.
Cuevas J, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Carrillo R, Contreras F
Semin Cutan Med Surg 2007 Jun;26(2):126-30. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2007.02.010. PMID: 17544965
Bacterial infections.
Gray F
Brain Pathol 1997 Jan;7(1):629-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.1997.tb01079.x. PMID: 9034570Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Dermatoscopy in leprosy and its correlation with clinical spectrum and histopathology: a prospective observational study.
Vinay K, Kamat D, Chatterjee D, Narang T, Dogra S
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Oct;33(10):1947-1951. Epub 2019 May 20 doi: 10.1111/jdv.15635. PMID: 31004456
Dermoscopy of borderline tuberculoid leprosy.
Ankad BS, Sakhare PS
Int J Dermatol 2018 Jan;57(1):74-76. Epub 2017 Aug 22 doi: 10.1111/ijd.13731. PMID: 28833001
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article
HLA and susceptibility to leprosy.
Serjeantson SW
Immunol Rev 1983;70:89-112. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1983.tb00711.x. PMID: 6339369

Recent systematic reviews

Pure neural leprosy or amyloid neuropathy? Systematic review and clinical case report.
Santos LOD, Fernandes TRMO, Barbosa TRS, Batista JADS, Souza CDF
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021 Jan;67(1):140-149. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.67.01.20200422. PMID: 34161469
Primary neural leprosy: systematic review.
Garbino JA, Marques W Jr, Barreto JA, Heise CO, Rodrigues MM, Antunes SL, Soares CT, Floriano MC, Nery JA, Trindade MA, Carvalho NB, Andrada NC, Barreira AA, Virmond Mda C
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2013 Jun;71(6):397-404. doi: 10.1590/0004-282X20130046. PMID: 23828524
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article

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