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Embryonal carcinoma

MedGen UID:
61653
•Concept ID:
C0206659
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Carcinoma, Embryonal; Carcinomas, Embryonal; Embryonal Carcinoma; Embryonal Carcinomas
SNOMED CT: Embryonal carcinoma (1156454002); Embryonal carcinoma (28047004); Embryonal adenocarcinoma (28047004)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005440
Orphanet: ORPHA180226

Definition

A non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of large germ cells with abundant cytoplasm resembling epithelial cells, geographic necrosis, high mitotic activity, and pseudoglandular and pseudopapillary structures formation. It can arise from the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites (central nervous system and mediastinum). [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Polyvalent Role of CD30 for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.
Dumitru AV, Țăpoi DA, Halcu G, Munteanu O, Dumitrascu DI, Ceaușu MC, Gheorghișan-Gălățeanu AA
Cells 2023 Jul 5;12(13) doi: 10.3390/cells12131783. PMID: 37443818Free PMC Article
Primary Mediastinal Nonseminomas: A Population-Based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis.
Yang X, Zhao K, Mei J, Wei S, Xia L, Pu Y, Liu L
J Surg Res 2021 Nov;267:25-36. Epub 2021 Jun 11 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.04.022. PMID: 34126390
Management of primary intracranial germ cell tumors.
Kyritsis AP
J Neurooncol 2010 Jan;96(2):143-9. Epub 2009 Jul 9 doi: 10.1007/s11060-009-9951-z. PMID: 19588227

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

H&E and OCT4/CD34 for the assessment of lympho-vascular invasion in seminoma and embryonal carcinoma.
Ricci C, Ambrosi F, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Maracci ME, Sirolli M, Orsatti A, Chiarucci F, Franchini E, Borsato M, Massari F, Mollica V, Bianchi FM, Colecchia M, Acosta AM, Fiorentino M
Pathol Res Pract 2023 Feb;242:154337. Epub 2023 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154337. PMID: 36706585
Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: A Review.
Ramalingam P
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 Jan;40(1):22-36. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.07.004. PMID: 36088223
In conversation with Christine Watson.
Dhillon P, Watson CJ
FEBS J 2022 Jan;289(1):9-16. Epub 2021 Jul 12 doi: 10.1111/febs.16071. PMID: 34251738
Capturing Pluripotency and Beyond.
Yeh CY, Huang WH, Chen HC, Meir YJ
Cells 2021 Dec 16;10(12) doi: 10.3390/cells10123558. PMID: 34944066Free PMC Article
Germ Cell Tumors of the Female Genital Tract.
Euscher ED
Surg Pathol Clin 2019 Jun;12(2):621-649. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2019.01.005. PMID: 31097117

Diagnosis

Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: A Review.
Ramalingam P
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 Jan;40(1):22-36. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.07.004. PMID: 36088223
Germ cell neoplasms of the testis: Update for 2022.
Iczkowski KA
Semin Diagn Pathol 2023 Jan;40(1):2-21. Epub 2022 Jul 7 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.07.001. PMID: 35840444
Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review and Update on Pathologic, Clinical, and Molecular Features.
El-Zaatari ZM, Ro JY
Adv Anat Pathol 2021 Sep 1;28(5):335-350. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000304. PMID: 34029275
Germ Cell Tumors of the Female Genital Tract.
Euscher ED
Surg Pathol Clin 2019 Jun;12(2):621-649. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2019.01.005. PMID: 31097117
Spermatocytic seminoma.
Aggarwal N, Parwani AV
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009 Dec;133(12):1985-8. doi: 10.5858/133.12.1985. PMID: 19961257

Therapy

Endobronchial Embryonal Carcinoma.
Moreira-Meyer A, Bautista-Herrera D, Hernández-González M, Navarro-Reynoso F, Cicero-Sabido R, Núñez-Pérez-Redondo C
J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2017 Apr;24(2):148-152. doi: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000315. PMID: 28323728
Midkine translocated to nucleoli and involved in carcinogenesis.
Dai LC
World J Gastroenterol 2009 Jan 28;15(4):412-6. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.412. PMID: 19152444Free PMC Article
Medulloblastoma stem cells.
Fan X, Eberhart CG
J Clin Oncol 2008 Jun 10;26(17):2821-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.2264. PMID: 18539960Free PMC Article
Managing menopausal problems.
Cobleigh MA
Cancer Treat Res 2000;103:1-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-3147-7_1. PMID: 10948439
Germ cell cancer.
Oliver RT
Curr Opin Oncol 1999 May;11(3):236-41. doi: 10.1097/00001622-199905000-00017. PMID: 10328600

Prognosis

Clinical Features and Survival Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Analysis.
Wu P, Yang Y, Yu Z, Zhao L, Feng S
J Surg Res 2023 Aug;288:362-371. Epub 2023 Apr 14 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.03.018. PMID: 37062232
H&E and OCT4/CD34 for the assessment of lympho-vascular invasion in seminoma and embryonal carcinoma.
Ricci C, Ambrosi F, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Maracci ME, Sirolli M, Orsatti A, Chiarucci F, Franchini E, Borsato M, Massari F, Mollica V, Bianchi FM, Colecchia M, Acosta AM, Fiorentino M
Pathol Res Pract 2023 Feb;242:154337. Epub 2023 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154337. PMID: 36706585
Fine needle aspiration of mediastinal germ cell tumors.
Reynolds JP, Liu S
Semin Diagn Pathol 2020 Jul;37(4):174-178. Epub 2020 May 13 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.04.008. PMID: 32444243
Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Blok JM, Pluim I, Daugaard G, Wagner T, Jóźwiak K, Wilthagen EA, Looijenga LHJ, Meijer RP, Bosch JLHR, Horenblas S
BJU Int 2020 Mar;125(3):355-368. Epub 2020 Jan 8 doi: 10.1111/bju.14967. PMID: 31797520Free PMC Article
Perspectives on testicular germ cell neoplasms.
Cheng L, Lyu B, Roth LM
Hum Pathol 2017 Jan;59:10-25. Epub 2016 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.08.002. PMID: 27569298

Clinical prediction guides

H&E and OCT4/CD34 for the assessment of lympho-vascular invasion in seminoma and embryonal carcinoma.
Ricci C, Ambrosi F, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Maracci ME, Sirolli M, Orsatti A, Chiarucci F, Franchini E, Borsato M, Massari F, Mollica V, Bianchi FM, Colecchia M, Acosta AM, Fiorentino M
Pathol Res Pract 2023 Feb;242:154337. Epub 2023 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154337. PMID: 36706585
Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen A2 has a clinical significance in embryonal carcinoma and is associated with tumor progression.
Saeednejad Zanjani L, Razmi M, Fattahi F, Kalantari E, Abolhasani M, Saki S, Madjd Z, Mohsenzadegan M
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022 Mar;148(3):609-631. Epub 2021 Nov 27 doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03859-1. PMID: 34837545
Perspectives on testicular germ cell neoplasms.
Cheng L, Lyu B, Roth LM
Hum Pathol 2017 Jan;59:10-25. Epub 2016 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.08.002. PMID: 27569298
Changes of glycoconjugate expression profiles during early development.
Handa K, Hakomori SI
Glycoconj J 2017 Dec;34(6):693-699. Epub 2016 Jun 18 doi: 10.1007/s10719-016-9684-0. PMID: 27318475
Hypoxia and pluripotency in embryonic and embryonal carcinoma stem cell biology.
Silván U, Díez-Torre A, Arluzea J, Andrade R, Silió M, Aréchaga J
Differentiation 2009 Sep-Oct;78(2-3):159-68. Epub 2009 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.diff.2009.06.002. PMID: 19604622

Recent systematic reviews

Prognostic factors in patients with clinical stage I nonseminoma-beyond lymphovascular invasion: a systematic review.
Zengerling F, Beyersdorff D, Busch J, Heinzelbecker J, Pfister D, Ruf C, Winter C, Albers P, Kliesch S, Schmidt S
World J Urol 2022 Dec;40(12):2879-2887. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04063-7. PMID: 35906286Free PMC Article
Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Blok JM, Pluim I, Daugaard G, Wagner T, Jóźwiak K, Wilthagen EA, Looijenga LHJ, Meijer RP, Bosch JLHR, Horenblas S
BJU Int 2020 Mar;125(3):355-368. Epub 2020 Jan 8 doi: 10.1111/bju.14967. PMID: 31797520Free PMC Article
Modulation of all-trans retinoic acid-induced MiRNA expression in neoplastic cell lines: a systematic review.
Lima L, de Melo TCT, Marques D, de Araújo JNG, Leite ISF, Alves CX, Genre J, Silbiger VN
BMC Cancer 2019 Aug 30;19(1):866. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6081-7. PMID: 31470825Free PMC Article
The testicular germ cell tumour transcriptome.
Alagaratnam S, Lind GE, Kraggerud SM, Lothe RA, Skotheim RI
Int J Androl 2011 Aug;34(4 Pt 2):e133-50; discussion e150-1. Epub 2011 Jun 9 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01169.x. PMID: 21651573
Predictors of occult metastasis in clinical stage I nonseminoma: a systematic review.
Vergouwe Y, Steyerberg EW, Eijkemans MJ, Albers P, Habbema JD
J Clin Oncol 2003 Nov 15;21(22):4092-9. Epub 2003 Oct 14 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.01.094. PMID: 14559885

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