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Brown-Séquard syndrome

MedGen UID:
69225
•Concept ID:
C0242644
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Brown-Sequard syndrome; Hemicord syndrome; Hemiparaplegic syndrome; Hemispinal cord syndrome
SNOMED CT: Brown-Sequard syndrome (27982003); Brown-Séquard syndrome (27982003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0003754

Definition

A disorder caused by a spinal injury leading to an incomplete spinal lesion. Patients develop paralysis, ataxia and loss of sensation. Causes include spinal cord tumors, spinal traumas, ischemia, and inflammatory processes affecting the spine. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBrown-Séquard syndrome

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes: Current Incidence and Quantifiable Criteria for Classification.
Engel-Haber E, Botticello A, Snider B, Kirshblum S
J Neurotrauma 2022 Dec;39(23-24):1687-1696. Epub 2022 Jul 21 doi: 10.1089/neu.2022.0196. PMID: 35708116
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Cervical Intradural Disc Herniations: A Review of the Literature.
Gunasekaran A, de Los Reyes NKM, Walters J, Kazemi N
World Neurosurg 2018 Jan;109:275-284. Epub 2017 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.209. PMID: 29017982
Management of Brown-Sequard syndrome in cervical disc diseases.
Abouhashem S, Ammar M, Barakat M, Abdelhameed E
Turk Neurosurg 2013;23(4):470-5. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.7433-12.0. PMID: 24101266

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Natural history and surgical outcomes of idiopathic spinal cord herniation.
Hirose Y, Nagoshi N, Tsuji O, Kono H, Iida T, Suzuki S, Takahashi Y, Nori S, Yagi M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Watanabe K
Spinal Cord 2023 Aug;61(8):441-446. Epub 2023 Jun 28 doi: 10.1038/s41393-023-00904-3. PMID: 37380759
Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes: Current Incidence and Quantifiable Criteria for Classification.
Engel-Haber E, Botticello A, Snider B, Kirshblum S
J Neurotrauma 2022 Dec;39(23-24):1687-1696. Epub 2022 Jul 21 doi: 10.1089/neu.2022.0196. PMID: 35708116
Sulcal artery syndrome: A Three-patient series and review of literature.
Tan YJ, Ng GJ, Yexian Lai J, Narasimhalu K
J Clin Neurosci 2021 Jun;88:47-51. Epub 2021 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.03.013. PMID: 33992202
Intramedullary metastasis in breast cancer--a comprehensive literature review.
Rostami R, Safarpour D, Tavassoli FA, Jabbari B
J Neurol Sci 2013 Sep 15;332(1-2):16-20. Epub 2013 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.05.032. PMID: 23778028
Brown-Sequard syndrome after blunt cervical spine trauma: clinical and radiological correlations.
Miranda P, Gomez P, Alday R, Kaen A, Ramos A
Eur Spine J 2007 Aug;16(8):1165-70. Epub 2007 Mar 30 doi: 10.1007/s00586-007-0345-7. PMID: 17394028Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Idiopathic myelitis presenting as Brown-Séquard syndrome: two case reports and a review of the literature.
Peng X, Wang L
J Med Case Rep 2021 May 12;15(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s13256-021-02834-1. PMID: 33975651Free PMC Article
Solving the puzzle of Brown-Séquard syndrome.
Franges EZ
Nursing 2021 Apr 1;51(4):62-66. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000733960.67995.78. PMID: 33759868
Herpes zoster and Brown-Séquard syndrome.
Garbi A, Rauer F, Heckmann JG
Wien Klin Wochenschr 2020 Sep;132(17-18):545-546. Epub 2020 May 5 doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01664-3. PMID: 32372115
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Cervical Intradural Disc Herniations: A Review of the Literature.
Gunasekaran A, de Los Reyes NKM, Walters J, Kazemi N
World Neurosurg 2018 Jan;109:275-284. Epub 2017 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.209. PMID: 29017982
Myelopathy: chameleons and mimics.
Ginsberg L
Pract Neurol 2017 Jan;17(1):6-12. Epub 2016 Nov 21 doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2016-001485. PMID: 27872169

Therapy

Delayed recognition of Type II decompression sickness in a diver with chronic atrial fibrillation.
Strauss MB, Covington DB
Undersea Hyperb Med 2022 Second Quarter;49(2):563-568. PMID: 35580489
Spinal Cord Syphilitic Gumma Presenting with Brown-Séquard Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Huang YH, Shi QX, Xu MM, Chen CZ, Yang ML, Li JJ, Chen YF, Lin ZQ, Lin YY
Ann Clin Lab Sci 2019 Mar;49(2):265-270. PMID: 31028074
Brown-Séquard syndrome: a rare manifestation of decompression sickness.
Tseng WS, Huang NC, Huang WS, Lee HC
Occup Med (Lond) 2015 Dec;65(9):758-60. Epub 2015 Sep 23 doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv145. PMID: 26400970
Brown-Sèquard syndrome caused by type III odontoid fracture: a case report and review of the literature.
Wu YT, Ho CW, Chang ST, Chen LC
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2010 Jan 1;35(1):E27-30. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181ba2a6a. PMID: 20042945
Myelopathy in Sjögren's syndrome: role of nonsteroidal immunosuppressants.
Rogers SJ, Williams CS, Román GC
Drugs 2004;64(2):123-32. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200464020-00001. PMID: 14717615

Prognosis

Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes: Current Incidence and Quantifiable Criteria for Classification.
Engel-Haber E, Botticello A, Snider B, Kirshblum S
J Neurotrauma 2022 Dec;39(23-24):1687-1696. Epub 2022 Jul 21 doi: 10.1089/neu.2022.0196. PMID: 35708116
Brown-Sequard syndrome after blunt cervical spine trauma: clinical and radiological correlations.
Miranda P, Gomez P, Alday R, Kaen A, Ramos A
Eur Spine J 2007 Aug;16(8):1165-70. Epub 2007 Mar 30 doi: 10.1007/s00586-007-0345-7. PMID: 17394028Free PMC Article
Myelopathy in Sjögren's syndrome: role of nonsteroidal immunosuppressants.
Rogers SJ, Williams CS, Román GC
Drugs 2004;64(2):123-32. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200464020-00001. PMID: 14717615
Traumatic cervical Brown-Sequard and Brown-Sequard-plus syndromes: the spectrum of presentations and outcomes.
Roth EJ, Park T, Pang T, Yarkony GM, Lee MY
Paraplegia 1991 Nov;29(9):582-9. doi: 10.1038/sc.1991.86. PMID: 1787982
Spinal epidural hematoma.
Costabile G, Husag L, Probst C
Surg Neurol 1984 May;21(5):489-92. doi: 10.1016/0090-3019(84)90455-5. PMID: 6710329

Clinical prediction guides

Natural history and surgical outcomes of idiopathic spinal cord herniation.
Hirose Y, Nagoshi N, Tsuji O, Kono H, Iida T, Suzuki S, Takahashi Y, Nori S, Yagi M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Watanabe K
Spinal Cord 2023 Aug;61(8):441-446. Epub 2023 Jun 28 doi: 10.1038/s41393-023-00904-3. PMID: 37380759
Sulcal artery syndrome: A Three-patient series and review of literature.
Tan YJ, Ng GJ, Yexian Lai J, Narasimhalu K
J Clin Neurosci 2021 Jun;88:47-51. Epub 2021 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.03.013. PMID: 33992202
Clinical and Radiographical Differences Between Thoracic Idiopathic Spinal Cord Herniation and Spinal Arachnoid Cyst.
Nakashima H, Imagama S, Yagi H, Kato F, Kanemura T, Sato K, Kawakami N, Kamiya M, Yoshihara H, Ito K, Matsuyama Y, Nishida Y, Ishiguro N
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017 Aug 15;42(16):E963-E968. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002013. PMID: 27926670
Brown-Sequard syndrome after blunt cervical spine trauma: clinical and radiological correlations.
Miranda P, Gomez P, Alday R, Kaen A, Ramos A
Eur Spine J 2007 Aug;16(8):1165-70. Epub 2007 Mar 30 doi: 10.1007/s00586-007-0345-7. PMID: 17394028Free PMC Article
Traumatic cervical Brown-Sequard and Brown-Sequard-plus syndromes: the spectrum of presentations and outcomes.
Roth EJ, Park T, Pang T, Yarkony GM, Lee MY
Paraplegia 1991 Nov;29(9):582-9. doi: 10.1038/sc.1991.86. PMID: 1787982

Recent systematic reviews

Clinical features and outcomes of spinal cord infarction following vertebral artery dissection: a systematic review of the literature.
Hsu CY, Cheng CY, Lee JD, Lee M, Huang YC, Wu CY, Hsu HL, Lin YH, Huang YC, Weng HH, Huang KL
Neurol Res 2013 Sep;35(7):676-83. Epub 2013 Mar 12 doi: 10.1179/1743132813Y.0000000183. PMID: 23562138

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