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Short ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome(MRT35)

MedGen UID:
767523
Concept ID:
C3554609
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonym: MRT35
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014067
OMIM®: 615162
Orphanet: ORPHA357175

Definition

Short ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by mild to severe global development delay, severe intellectual disability, mild hypotonia, a short ulna, hirsutism of the face and extremities, minimal scoliosis, and facial dysmorphism, notably a tall broad forehead, synophrys, hypertelorism, malar hypoplasia, broad nose with thick alae nasi, low-set, small ears, long philtrum, thin upper lip and everted lower lip vermilion. [from ORDO]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hypoplasia of the ulna
MedGen UID:
395934
Concept ID:
C1860614
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the ulna.
Clinodactyly
MedGen UID:
1644094
Concept ID:
C4551485
Congenital Abnormality
An angulation of a digit at an interphalangeal joint in the plane of the palm (finger) or sole (toe).
Decreased body weight
MedGen UID:
1806755
Concept ID:
C5574742
Finding
Abnormally low body weight.
Microtia
MedGen UID:
57535
Concept ID:
C0152423
Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the external ear.
Low-set ears
MedGen UID:
65980
Concept ID:
C0239234
Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Micrognathia
MedGen UID:
44428
Concept ID:
C0025990
Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Flat occiput
MedGen UID:
332439
Concept ID:
C1837402
Finding
Reduced convexity of the occiput (posterior part of skull).
Malar flattening
MedGen UID:
347616
Concept ID:
C1858085
Finding
Underdevelopment of the malar prominence of the jugal bone (zygomatic bone in mammals), appreciated in profile, frontal view, and/or by palpation.
Generalized hypotonia
MedGen UID:
346841
Concept ID:
C1858120
Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
High forehead
MedGen UID:
65991
Concept ID:
C0239676
Finding
An abnormally increased height of the forehead.
Downslanted palpebral fissures
MedGen UID:
98391
Concept ID:
C0423110
Finding
The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean.
Wide nose
MedGen UID:
140869
Concept ID:
C0426421
Finding
Interalar distance more than two standard deviations above the mean for age, i.e., an apparently increased width of the nasal base and alae.
Thick nasal alae
MedGen UID:
335032
Concept ID:
C1844809
Finding
Increase in bulk of the ala nasi.
Coarse facial features
MedGen UID:
335284
Concept ID:
C1845847
Finding
Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues.
Broad forehead
MedGen UID:
338610
Concept ID:
C1849089
Finding
Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or apparently increased distance between the two sides of the forehead.
Everted lower lip vermilion
MedGen UID:
344003
Concept ID:
C1853246
Finding
An abnormal configuration of the lower lip such that it is turned outward i.e., everted, with the Inner aspect of the lower lip vermilion (normally opposing the teeth) being visible in a frontal view.
Long philtrum
MedGen UID:
351278
Concept ID:
C1865014
Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Thin upper lip vermilion
MedGen UID:
355352
Concept ID:
C1865017
Finding
Height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the midline more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the upper lip in the frontal view (subjective).
Downturned corners of mouth
MedGen UID:
356471
Concept ID:
C1866195
Anatomical Abnormality
A morphological abnormality of the mouth in which the angle of the mouth is downturned. The oral commissures are positioned inferior to the midline labial fissure.
Hirsutism
MedGen UID:
42461
Concept ID:
C0019572
Disease or Syndrome
Abnormally increased hair growth referring to a male pattern of body hair (androgenic hair).
Synophrys
MedGen UID:
98132
Concept ID:
C0431447
Congenital Abnormality
Meeting of the medial eyebrows in the midline.
Hypertelorism
MedGen UID:
9373
Concept ID:
C0020534
Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVShort ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Short ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Katz JN, Zimmerman ZE, Mass H, Makhni MC
JAMA 2022 May 3;327(17):1688-1699. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5921. PMID: 35503342
Butler MG, Miller JL, Forster JL
Curr Pediatr Rev 2019;15(4):207-244. doi: 10.2174/1573396315666190716120925. PMID: 31333129Free PMC Article
Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet JP, List T, Svensson P, Gonzalez Y, Lobbezoo F, Michelotti A, Brooks SL, Ceusters W, Drangsholt M, Ettlin D, Gaul C, Goldberg LJ, Haythornthwaite JA, Hollender L, Jensen R, John MT, De Laat A, de Leeuw R, Maixner W, van der Meulen M, Murray GM, Nixdorf DR, Palla S, Petersson A, Pionchon P, Smith B, Visscher CM, Zakrzewska J, Dworkin SF; International RDC/TMD Consortium Network, International association for Dental Research; Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group, International Association for the Study of Pain
J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2014 Winter;28(1):6-27. doi: 10.11607/jop.1151. PMID: 24482784Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Katz JN, Zimmerman ZE, Mass H, Makhni MC
JAMA 2022 May 3;327(17):1688-1699. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5921. PMID: 35503342
Lew J, Kim J, Nair P
J Man Manip Ther 2021 Jun;29(3):136-146. Epub 2020 Sep 22 doi: 10.1080/10669817.2020.1822618. PMID: 32962567Free PMC Article
McDermott M, Brown DL, Chervin RD
Expert Rev Neurother 2018 Jul;18(7):523-531. Epub 2018 Jun 25 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1489239. PMID: 29902391Free PMC Article
Walling AD, Dickson G
Am Fam Physician 2013 Feb 1;87(3):191-7. PMID: 23418763
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Carrington EV, Popa SL, Chiarioni G
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020 Jun 9;22(7):35. doi: 10.1007/s11894-020-00768-0. PMID: 32519087
Newman LC
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2015 Aug;21(4 Headache):1041-57. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000190. PMID: 26252590
Turner AM
J Paediatr Child Health 2014 Oct;50(10):E14-20. Epub 2011 Jul 19 doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01970.x. PMID: 21771153
Walling AD, Dickson G
Am Fam Physician 2013 Feb 1;87(3):191-7. PMID: 23418763
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article

Therapy

Valera-Calero JA, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Navarro-Santana MJ, Plaza-Manzano G
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Aug 11;19(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19169904. PMID: 36011540Free PMC Article
Katz JN, Zimmerman ZE, Mass H, Makhni MC
JAMA 2022 May 3;327(17):1688-1699. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5921. PMID: 35503342
Chrcanovic B, Larsson J, Malmström EM, Westergren H, Häggman-Henrikson B
Scand J Pain 2022 Apr 26;22(2):232-261. Epub 2021 Sep 27 doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0064. PMID: 34561976
Lew J, Kim J, Nair P
J Man Manip Ther 2021 Jun;29(3):136-146. Epub 2020 Sep 22 doi: 10.1080/10669817.2020.1822618. PMID: 32962567Free PMC Article
Heron SR, Woby SR, Thompson DP
Physiotherapy 2017 Jun;103(2):167-173. Epub 2016 Sep 21 doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.09.001. PMID: 27884499

Prognosis

Begasse de Dhaem O, Rizzoli P
Semin Neurol 2022 Aug;42(4):512-522. Epub 2022 Nov 2 doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1757925. PMID: 36323303
Bazacliu C, Neu J
Curr Pediatr Rev 2019;15(2):115-124. doi: 10.2174/1573396315666190312093119. PMID: 30864508
Afilalo J, Lauck S, Kim DH, Lefèvre T, Piazza N, Lachapelle K, Martucci G, Lamy A, Labinaz M, Peterson MD, Arora RC, Noiseux N, Rassi A, Palacios IF, Généreux P, Lindman BR, Asgar AW, Kim CA, Trnkus A, Morais JA, Langlois Y, Rudski LG, Morin JF, Popma JJ, Webb JG, Perrault LP
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Aug 8;70(6):689-700. Epub 2017 Jul 7 doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.024. PMID: 28693934
Walling AD, Dickson G
Am Fam Physician 2013 Feb 1;87(3):191-7. PMID: 23418763
Cereda A, Carey JC
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2012 Oct 23;7:81. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-81. PMID: 23088440Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Katz JN, Zimmerman ZE, Mass H, Makhni MC
JAMA 2022 May 3;327(17):1688-1699. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5921. PMID: 35503342
Sanchez-Jimeno C, Blanco-Kelly F, López-Grondona F, Losada-Del Pozo R, Moreno B, Rodrigo-Moreno M, Martinez-Cayuelas E, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Fenollar-Cortés M, Ayuso C, Rodríguez de Alba M, Lorda-Sanchez I, Almoguera B
Genes (Basel) 2021 Aug 30;12(9) doi: 10.3390/genes12091360. PMID: 34573342Free PMC Article
Sheppard SE, Campbell IM, Harr MH, Gold N, Li D, Bjornsson HT, Cohen JS, Fahrner JA, Fatemi A, Harris JR, Nowak C, Stevens CA, Grand K, Au M, Graham JM Jr, Sanchez-Lara PA, Campo MD, Jones MC, Abdul-Rahman O, Alkuraya FS, Bassetti JA, Bergstrom K, Bhoj E, Dugan S, Kaplan JD, Derar N, Gripp KW, Hauser N, Innes AM, Keena B, Kodra N, Miller R, Nelson B, Nowaczyk MJ, Rahbeeni Z, Ben-Shachar S, Shieh JT, Slavotinek A, Sobering AK, Abbott MA, Allain DC, Amlie-Wolf L, Au PYB, Bedoukian E, Beek G, Barry J, Berg J, Bernstein JA, Cytrynbaum C, Chung BH, Donoghue S, Dorrani N, Eaton A, Flores-Daboub JA, Dubbs H, Felix CA, Fong CT, Fung JLF, Gangaram B, Goldstein A, Greenberg R, Ha TK, Hersh J, Izumi K, Kallish S, Kravets E, Kwok PY, Jobling RK, Knight Johnson AE, Kushner J, Lee BH, Levin B, Lindstrom K, Manickam K, Mardach R, McCormick E, McLeod DR, Mentch FD, Minks K, Muraresku C, Nelson SF, Porazzi P, Pichurin PN, Powell-Hamilton NN, Powis Z, Ritter A, Rogers C, Rohena L, Ronspies C, Schroeder A, Stark Z, Starr L, Stoler J, Suwannarat P, Velinov M, Weksberg R, Wilnai Y, Zadeh N, Zand DJ, Falk MJ, Hakonarson H, Zackai EH, Quintero-Rivera F
Am J Med Genet A 2021 Jun;185(6):1649-1665. Epub 2021 Mar 30 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62124. PMID: 33783954Free PMC Article
Lew J, Kim J, Nair P
J Man Manip Ther 2021 Jun;29(3):136-146. Epub 2020 Sep 22 doi: 10.1080/10669817.2020.1822618. PMID: 32962567Free PMC Article
Moortgat S, Berland S, Aukrust I, Maystadt I, Baker L, Benoit V, Caro-Llopis A, Cooper NS, Debray FG, Faivre L, Gardeitchik T, Haukanes BI, Houge G, Kivuva E, Martinez F, Mehta SG, Nassogne MC, Powell-Hamilton N, Pfundt R, Rosello M, Prescott T, Vasudevan P, van Loon B, Verellen-Dumoulin C, Verloes A, Lippe CV, Wakeling E, Wilkie AOM, Wilson L, Yuen A, Study D, Low KJ, Newbury-Ecob RA
Eur J Hum Genet 2018 Jan;26(1):64-74. Epub 2017 Nov 27 doi: 10.1038/s41431-017-0038-6. PMID: 29180823Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Valera-Calero JA, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Navarro-Santana MJ, Plaza-Manzano G
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Aug 11;19(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19169904. PMID: 36011540Free PMC Article
Chrcanovic B, Larsson J, Malmström EM, Westergren H, Häggman-Henrikson B
Scand J Pain 2022 Apr 26;22(2):232-261. Epub 2021 Sep 27 doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0064. PMID: 34561976
Lew J, Kim J, Nair P
J Man Manip Ther 2021 Jun;29(3):136-146. Epub 2020 Sep 22 doi: 10.1080/10669817.2020.1822618. PMID: 32962567Free PMC Article
Smart KM, Wand BM, O'Connell NE
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Feb 24;2(2):CD010853. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010853.pub2. PMID: 26905470Free PMC Article
Khan F, Ng L, Amatya B, Brand C, Turner-Stokes L
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2011 Dec;47(4):607-12. Epub 2011 Sep 13 PMID: 21912364

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