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Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Rectum

MedGen UID:
83433
•Concept ID:
C0346975
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Cancer metastatic to rectum; Metastasis to the Rectum; Metastatic malignant neoplasm of rectum; Metastatic malignant neoplasm to rectum; Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Rectum; Metastatic Neoplasm to the Rectum; Metastatic Tumor to the Rectum; Secondary malignant neoplasm of rectum
SNOMED CT: Secondary malignant neoplasm of rectum (94513006); Metastatic malignant neoplasm to rectum (94513006); Cancer metastatic to rectum (94513006); Metastatic malignant neoplasm of rectum (94513006)

Definition

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the rectum. This may be from a primary large intestine malignant neoplasm, or from a malignant neoplasm at a distant site. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMetastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Rectum

Professional guidelines

PubMed

GEC-ESTRO ACROP prostate brachytherapy guidelines.
Henry A, Pieters BR, André Siebert F, Hoskin P; UROGEC group of GEC ESTRO with endorsement by the European Association of Urology
Radiother Oncol 2022 Feb;167:244-251. Epub 2022 Jan 6 doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.12.047. PMID: 34999134
Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Cederquist L, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK, Cohen S, Cooper HS, Deming D, Engstrom PF, Grem JL, Grothey A, Hochster HS, Hoffe S, Hunt S, Kamel A, Kirilcuk N, Krishnamurthi S, Messersmith WA, Meyerhardt J, Mulcahy MF, Murphy JD, Nurkin S, Saltz L, Sharma S, Shibata D, Skibber JM, Sofocleous CT, Stoffel EM, Stotsky-Himelfarb E, Willett CG, Wuthrick E, Gregory KM, Gurski L, Freedman-Cass DA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Jul;16(7):874-901. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0061. PMID: 30006429Free PMC Article
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review on morphology, molecular pathology, prognosis, and differential diagnosis.
Miettinen M, Lasota J
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2006 Oct;130(10):1466-78. doi: 10.5858/2006-130-1466-GSTROM. PMID: 17090188

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

PD-1 Blockade in Mismatch Repair-Deficient, Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.
Cercek A, Lumish M, Sinopoli J, Weiss J, Shia J, Lamendola-Essel M, El Dika IH, Segal N, Shcherba M, Sugarman R, Stadler Z, Yaeger R, Smith JJ, Rousseau B, Argiles G, Patel M, Desai A, Saltz LB, Widmar M, Iyer K, Zhang J, Gianino N, Crane C, Romesser PB, Pappou EP, Paty P, Garcia-Aguilar J, Gonen M, Gollub M, Weiser MR, Schalper KA, Diaz LA Jr
N Engl J Med 2022 Jun 23;386(25):2363-2376. Epub 2022 Jun 5 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201445. PMID: 35660797Free PMC Article
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W
Oncologist 2021 Sep;26(9):e1555-e1566. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/onco.13824. PMID: 33987952Free PMC Article
A meta-analysis of the role of diverting ileostomy after rectal cancer surgery.
Ahmad NZ, Abbas MH, Khan SU, Parvaiz A
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Mar;36(3):445-455. Epub 2020 Oct 16 doi: 10.1007/s00384-020-03771-z. PMID: 33064212
Endoluminal negative pressure therapy in colorectal anastomotic leaks.
Popivanov GI, Mutafchiyski VM, Cirocchi R, Chipeva SD, Vasilev VV, Kjossev KT, Tabakov MS
Colorectal Dis 2020 Mar;22(3):243-253. Epub 2019 Jul 19 doi: 10.1111/codi.14754. PMID: 31274227
Epigenetic events in the colorectum and in colon cancer.
Grady WM
Biochem Soc Trans 2005 Aug;33(Pt 4):684-8. doi: 10.1042/BST0330684. PMID: 16042574

Diagnosis

PD-1 Blockade in Mismatch Repair-Deficient, Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.
Cercek A, Lumish M, Sinopoli J, Weiss J, Shia J, Lamendola-Essel M, El Dika IH, Segal N, Shcherba M, Sugarman R, Stadler Z, Yaeger R, Smith JJ, Rousseau B, Argiles G, Patel M, Desai A, Saltz LB, Widmar M, Iyer K, Zhang J, Gianino N, Crane C, Romesser PB, Pappou EP, Paty P, Garcia-Aguilar J, Gonen M, Gollub M, Weiser MR, Schalper KA, Diaz LA Jr
N Engl J Med 2022 Jun 23;386(25):2363-2376. Epub 2022 Jun 5 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201445. PMID: 35660797Free PMC Article
Metastasis to the rectum: A systematic review of the literature.
Janjic O, Labgaa I, Hübner M, Demartines N, Joliat GR
Eur J Surg Oncol 2022 Apr;48(4):822-833. Epub 2021 Oct 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.10.004. PMID: 34656391
Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Cederquist L, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK, Cohen S, Cooper HS, Deming D, Engstrom PF, Grem JL, Grothey A, Hochster HS, Hoffe S, Hunt S, Kamel A, Kirilcuk N, Krishnamurthi S, Messersmith WA, Meyerhardt J, Mulcahy MF, Murphy JD, Nurkin S, Saltz L, Sharma S, Shibata D, Skibber JM, Sofocleous CT, Stoffel EM, Stotsky-Himelfarb E, Willett CG, Wuthrick E, Gregory KM, Gurski L, Freedman-Cass DA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Jul;16(7):874-901. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0061. PMID: 30006429Free PMC Article
Metastatic tumors to the jaws and mouth.
Hirshberg A, Berger R, Allon I, Kaplan I
Head Neck Pathol 2014 Dec;8(4):463-74. Epub 2014 Nov 20 doi: 10.1007/s12105-014-0591-z. PMID: 25409855Free PMC Article
Rectal cancer staging.
Torricelli P
Surg Oncol 2007 Dec;16 Suppl 1:S49-50. Epub 2007 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2007.10.037. PMID: 18032027

Therapy

PD-1 Blockade in Mismatch Repair-Deficient, Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.
Cercek A, Lumish M, Sinopoli J, Weiss J, Shia J, Lamendola-Essel M, El Dika IH, Segal N, Shcherba M, Sugarman R, Stadler Z, Yaeger R, Smith JJ, Rousseau B, Argiles G, Patel M, Desai A, Saltz LB, Widmar M, Iyer K, Zhang J, Gianino N, Crane C, Romesser PB, Pappou EP, Paty P, Garcia-Aguilar J, Gonen M, Gollub M, Weiser MR, Schalper KA, Diaz LA Jr
N Engl J Med 2022 Jun 23;386(25):2363-2376. Epub 2022 Jun 5 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201445. PMID: 35660797Free PMC Article
FRESCO-2: a global Phase III study investigating the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Dasari A, Sobrero A, Yao J, Yoshino T, Schelman W, Yang Z, Chien C, Kania M, Tabernero J, Eng C
Future Oncol 2021 Aug;17(24):3151-3162. Epub 2021 May 17 doi: 10.2217/fon-2021-0202. PMID: 33993740
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W
Oncologist 2021 Sep;26(9):e1555-e1566. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/onco.13824. PMID: 33987952Free PMC Article
Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Cederquist L, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK, Cohen S, Cooper HS, Deming D, Engstrom PF, Grem JL, Grothey A, Hochster HS, Hoffe S, Hunt S, Kamel A, Kirilcuk N, Krishnamurthi S, Messersmith WA, Meyerhardt J, Mulcahy MF, Murphy JD, Nurkin S, Saltz L, Sharma S, Shibata D, Skibber JM, Sofocleous CT, Stoffel EM, Stotsky-Himelfarb E, Willett CG, Wuthrick E, Gregory KM, Gurski L, Freedman-Cass DA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Jul;16(7):874-901. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0061. PMID: 30006429Free PMC Article
Prognosis of patients with peritoneal metastatic colorectal cancer given systemic therapy: an analysis of individual patient data from prospective randomised trials from the Analysis and Research in Cancers of the Digestive System (ARCAD) database.
Franko J, Shi Q, Meyers JP, Maughan TS, Adams RA, Seymour MT, Saltz L, Punt CJA, Koopman M, Tournigand C, Tebbutt NC, Diaz-Rubio E, Souglakos J, Falcone A, Chibaudel B, Heinemann V, Moen J, De Gramont A, Sargent DJ, Grothey A; Analysis and Research in Cancers of the Digestive System (ARCAD) Group
Lancet Oncol 2016 Dec;17(12):1709-1719. Epub 2016 Oct 12 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30500-9. PMID: 27743922

Prognosis

Metastasis to the rectum: A systematic review of the literature.
Janjic O, Labgaa I, Hübner M, Demartines N, Joliat GR
Eur J Surg Oncol 2022 Apr;48(4):822-833. Epub 2021 Oct 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.10.004. PMID: 34656391
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W
Oncologist 2021 Sep;26(9):e1555-e1566. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/onco.13824. PMID: 33987952Free PMC Article
Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Cederquist L, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK, Cohen S, Cooper HS, Deming D, Engstrom PF, Grem JL, Grothey A, Hochster HS, Hoffe S, Hunt S, Kamel A, Kirilcuk N, Krishnamurthi S, Messersmith WA, Meyerhardt J, Mulcahy MF, Murphy JD, Nurkin S, Saltz L, Sharma S, Shibata D, Skibber JM, Sofocleous CT, Stoffel EM, Stotsky-Himelfarb E, Willett CG, Wuthrick E, Gregory KM, Gurski L, Freedman-Cass DA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2018 Jul;16(7):874-901. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0061. PMID: 30006429Free PMC Article
Determinants of metastatic competency in colorectal cancer.
Tauriello DV, Calon A, Lonardo E, Batlle E
Mol Oncol 2017 Jan;11(1):97-119. Epub 2017 Jan 3 doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12018. PMID: 28085225Free PMC Article
Rectal cancer staging.
Torricelli P
Surg Oncol 2007 Dec;16 Suppl 1:S49-50. Epub 2007 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2007.10.037. PMID: 18032027

Clinical prediction guides

Endoluminal negative pressure therapy in colorectal anastomotic leaks.
Popivanov GI, Mutafchiyski VM, Cirocchi R, Chipeva SD, Vasilev VV, Kjossev KT, Tabakov MS
Colorectal Dis 2020 Mar;22(3):243-253. Epub 2019 Jul 19 doi: 10.1111/codi.14754. PMID: 31274227
Chemotherapy, Still an Option in the Twenty-First Century in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?
Eisterer W, Prager G
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2019 Sep;42(9):1213-1220. Epub 2019 Jul 3 doi: 10.1007/s00270-019-02278-7. PMID: 31270570
Clinical Significance and Prognostic Relevance of Microsatellite Instability in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer Patients.
Copija A, Waniczek D, Witkoś A, Walkiewicz K, Nowakowska-Zajdel E
Int J Mol Sci 2017 Jan 6;18(1) doi: 10.3390/ijms18010107. PMID: 28067827Free PMC Article
Perineural invasion in cancer: a review of the literature.
Liebig C, Ayala G, Wilks JA, Berger DH, Albo D
Cancer 2009 Aug 1;115(15):3379-91. doi: 10.1002/cncr.24396. PMID: 19484787
Carcinoid disease.
Wood ER, Wood WG
South Med J 1980 May;73(5):621-6. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198005000-00021. PMID: 7375982

Recent systematic reviews

The learning curve of laparoscopic, robot-assisted and transanal total mesorectal excisions: a systematic review.
Burghgraef TA, Sikkenk DJ, Verheijen PM, Moumni ME, Hompes R, Consten ECJ
Surg Endosc 2022 Sep;36(9):6337-6360. Epub 2022 Jun 13 doi: 10.1007/s00464-022-09087-z. PMID: 35697853Free PMC Article
Metastasis to the rectum: A systematic review of the literature.
Janjic O, Labgaa I, Hübner M, Demartines N, Joliat GR
Eur J Surg Oncol 2022 Apr;48(4):822-833. Epub 2021 Oct 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.10.004. PMID: 34656391
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Liu S, Jiang T, Xiao L, Yang S, Liu Q, Gao Y, Chen G, Xiao W
Oncologist 2021 Sep;26(9):e1555-e1566. Epub 2021 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/onco.13824. PMID: 33987952Free PMC Article
The tip of the iceberg of colorectal perforation from enema: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cirocchi R, Randolph J, Panata L, Verdelli AM, Mascagni D, Mingoli A, Zago M, Chiarugi M, Lancia M, Fedeli P, Davies J, Occhionorelli S
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Nov;24(11):1109-1119. Epub 2020 Jul 14 doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02294-7. PMID: 32666361
The use of Endo-SPONGE(®) in rectal anastomotic leaks: a systematic review.
Mahendran B, Rossi B, Coleman M, Smolarek S
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Jul;24(7):685-694. Epub 2020 May 6 doi: 10.1007/s10151-020-02200-1. PMID: 32377984

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