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Dysthymia

MedGen UID:
8517
•Concept ID:
C0013415
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Disorder, Dysthymic; Dysthymic Disorder; Dysthymic Disorders; Persistent Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia
SNOMED CT: Dysthymia (78667006)

Definition

Dysthymia is a chronic mood disorder characterized by persistent depressed mood present for at least two years, for most of the day and for more days than not. During the first two years of the disorder, there has never been a two week period during which the number and duration of symptoms were sufficient to meet the diagnostic requirements for a major depressive episode. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDysthymia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Depression and Long-Term Prescription Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder: Implications for Pain Management in Cancer.
Bates N, Bello JK, Osazuwa-Peters N, Sullivan MD, Scherrer JF
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2022 Mar;23(3):348-358. Epub 2022 Mar 7 doi: 10.1007/s11864-022-00954-4. PMID: 35254595Free PMC Article
Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Failed Antidepressant Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, and Subthreshold Depression in Adults.
MacQueen G, Santaguida P, Keshavarz H, Jaworska N, Levine M, Beyene J, Raina P
Can J Psychiatry 2017 Jan;62(1):11-23. Epub 2016 Sep 24 doi: 10.1177/0706743716664885. PMID: 27554483Free PMC Article
The treatment gap in mental health care.
Kohn R, Saxena S, Levav I, Saraceno B
Bull World Health Organ 2004 Nov;82(11):858-66. Epub 2004 Dec 14 PMID: 15640922Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Shorey S, Ng ED, Wong CHJ
Br J Clin Psychol 2022 Jun;61(2):287-305. Epub 2021 Sep 26 doi: 10.1111/bjc.12333. PMID: 34569066
Oral contraceptives, depressive and insomnia symptoms in adult women with and without depression.
Morssinkhof MWL, Lamers F, Hoogendoorn AW, de Wit AE, Riese H, Giltay EJ, van den Heuvel OA, Penninx BW, Broekman BFP
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021 Nov;133:105390. Epub 2021 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105390. PMID: 34425359
Current pharmacotherapeutic approaches for dysthymic disorder and persistent depressive disorder.
Carta MG, Paribello P, Nardi AE, Preti A
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019 Oct;20(14):1743-1754. Epub 2019 Jul 10 doi: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1637419. PMID: 31290333
Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression.
Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD003198. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003198. PMID: 11869656
Geriatric dysthymia.
Kocsis JH
J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59 Suppl 10:13-5. PMID: 9720477

Diagnosis

Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Shorey S, Ng ED, Wong CHJ
Br J Clin Psychol 2022 Jun;61(2):287-305. Epub 2021 Sep 26 doi: 10.1111/bjc.12333. PMID: 34569066
Oral contraceptives, depressive and insomnia symptoms in adult women with and without depression.
Morssinkhof MWL, Lamers F, Hoogendoorn AW, de Wit AE, Riese H, Giltay EJ, van den Heuvel OA, Penninx BW, Broekman BFP
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021 Nov;133:105390. Epub 2021 Aug 12 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105390. PMID: 34425359
Review of dysthymia and persistent depressive disorder: history, correlates, and clinical implications.
Schramm E, Klein DN, Elsaesser M, Furukawa TA, Domschke K
Lancet Psychiatry 2020 Sep;7(9):801-812. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30099-7. PMID: 32828168
From dysthymia to treatment-resistant depression: evolution of a psychopathological construct.
Ventriglio A, Bhugra D, Sampogna G, Luciano M, De Berardis D, Sani G, Fiorillo A
Int Rev Psychiatry 2020 Aug-Sep;32(5-6):471-476. Epub 2020 May 21 doi: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1765517. PMID: 32436408
Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 major depressive and related disorders in the community.
Vandeleur CL, Fassassi S, Castelao E, Glaus J, Strippoli MF, Lasserre AM, Rudaz D, Gebreab S, Pistis G, Aubry JM, Angst J, Preisig M
Psychiatry Res 2017 Apr;250:50-58. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.060. PMID: 28142066

Therapy

Review of dysthymia and persistent depressive disorder: history, correlates, and clinical implications.
Schramm E, Klein DN, Elsaesser M, Furukawa TA, Domschke K
Lancet Psychiatry 2020 Sep;7(9):801-812. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30099-7. PMID: 32828168
Lifestyle interventions for mental health.
Manger S
Aust J Gen Pract 2019 Oct;48(10):670-673. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-06-19-4964. PMID: 31569326
Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 major depressive and related disorders in the community.
Vandeleur CL, Fassassi S, Castelao E, Glaus J, Strippoli MF, Lasserre AM, Rudaz D, Gebreab S, Pistis G, Aubry JM, Angst J, Preisig M
Psychiatry Res 2017 Apr;250:50-58. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.060. PMID: 28142066
Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Failed Antidepressant Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, and Subthreshold Depression in Adults.
MacQueen G, Santaguida P, Keshavarz H, Jaworska N, Levine M, Beyene J, Raina P
Can J Psychiatry 2017 Jan;62(1):11-23. Epub 2016 Sep 24 doi: 10.1177/0706743716664885. PMID: 27554483Free PMC Article
Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression.
Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD003198. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003198. PMID: 11869656

Prognosis

Review of dysthymia and persistent depressive disorder: history, correlates, and clinical implications.
Schramm E, Klein DN, Elsaesser M, Furukawa TA, Domschke K
Lancet Psychiatry 2020 Sep;7(9):801-812. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30099-7. PMID: 32828168
Alcohol Use Disorder and Depressive Disorders.
McHugh RK, Weiss RD
Alcohol Res 2019 Oct 21;40(1) Epub 2019 Jan 1 doi: 10.35946/arcr.v40.1.01. PMID: 31649834Free PMC Article
Course of subthreshold depression into a depressive disorder and its risk factors.
Tuithof M, Ten Have M, van Dorsselaer S, Kleinjan M, Beekman A, de Graaf R
J Affect Disord 2018 Dec 1;241:206-215. Epub 2018 Aug 9 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.010. PMID: 30130686
Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 major depressive and related disorders in the community.
Vandeleur CL, Fassassi S, Castelao E, Glaus J, Strippoli MF, Lasserre AM, Rudaz D, Gebreab S, Pistis G, Aubry JM, Angst J, Preisig M
Psychiatry Res 2017 Apr;250:50-58. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.060. PMID: 28142066
Long-term effects of child abuse and neglect on emotion processing in adulthood.
Young JC, Widom CS
Child Abuse Negl 2014 Aug;38(8):1369-81. Epub 2014 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.008. PMID: 24747007Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

The Clinical Science of Euthymia: A Conceptual Map.
Guidi J, Fava GA
Psychother Psychosom 2022;91(3):156-167. Epub 2022 Apr 14 doi: 10.1159/000524279. PMID: 35421862
Prevalence and predictors of post-stroke mood disorders: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of depression, anxiety and adjustment disorder.
Mitchell AJ, Sheth B, Gill J, Yadegarfar M, Stubbs B, Yadegarfar M, Meader N
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2017 Jul;47:48-60. Epub 2017 Apr 3 doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.04.001. PMID: 28807138
Diagnosis and treatment of dysthymia in children and adolescents.
Nobile M, Cataldo GM, Marino C, Molteni M
CNS Drugs 2003;17(13):927-46. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200317130-00001. PMID: 14533944
The validity of atypical depression in DSM-IV.
Lam RW, Stewart JN
Compr Psychiatry 1996 Nov-Dec;37(6):375-83. doi: 10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90020-6. PMID: 8932961
Dysthymia: clinical and external validity.
Akiskal HS
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 1994;383:19-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb05879.x. PMID: 7942064

Recent systematic reviews

Anxiety and depression in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of pathogenetic mechanisms and relation to cognitive decline.
Botto R, Callai N, Cermelli A, Causarano L, Rainero I
Neurol Sci 2022 Jul;43(7):4107-4124. Epub 2022 Apr 23 doi: 10.1007/s10072-022-06068-x. PMID: 35461471Free PMC Article
Global prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Shorey S, Ng ED, Wong CHJ
Br J Clin Psychol 2022 Jun;61(2):287-305. Epub 2021 Sep 26 doi: 10.1111/bjc.12333. PMID: 34569066
Obesity increases the risk of depression in children and adolescents: Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rao WW, Zong QQ, Zhang JW, An FR, Jackson T, Ungvari GS, Xiang Y, Su YY, D'Arcy C, Xiang YT
J Affect Disord 2020 Apr 15;267:78-85. Epub 2020 Jan 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.154. PMID: 32063576
Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Failed Antidepressant Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, and Subthreshold Depression in Adults.
MacQueen G, Santaguida P, Keshavarz H, Jaworska N, Levine M, Beyene J, Raina P
Can J Psychiatry 2017 Jan;62(1):11-23. Epub 2016 Sep 24 doi: 10.1177/0706743716664885. PMID: 27554483Free PMC Article
Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression.
Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD003198. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003198. PMID: 11869656

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