From HPO
Pes planus- MedGen UID:
- 42034
- •Concept ID:
- C0016202
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
A foot where the longitudinal arch of the foot is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced.
Brachydactyly- MedGen UID:
- 67454
- •Concept ID:
- C0221357
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Tapered finger- MedGen UID:
- 98098
- •Concept ID:
- C0426886
- •
- Finding
The gradual reduction in girth of the finger from proximal to distal.
Genu valgum- MedGen UID:
- 154364
- •Concept ID:
- C0576093
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart.
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Growth delay- MedGen UID:
- 99124
- •Concept ID:
- C0456070
- •
- Pathologic Function
A deficiency or slowing down of growth pre- and postnatally.
Achalasia- MedGen UID:
- 5023
- •Concept ID:
- C0014848
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A disorder of esophageal motility characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax during swallowing and by inadequate or lacking peristalsis in the lower half of the body of the esophagus.
Sensorineural hearing loss disorder- MedGen UID:
- 9164
- •Concept ID:
- C0018784
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.
Hydrocephalus- MedGen UID:
- 9335
- •Concept ID:
- C0020255
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.
Peripheral neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 18386
- •Concept ID:
- C0031117
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.
Sensory neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 101791
- •Concept ID:
- C0151313
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Peripheral neuropathy affecting the sensory nerves.
Pain insensitivity- MedGen UID:
- 488855
- •Concept ID:
- C0344307
- •
- Finding
Inability to perceive painful stimuli.
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Hypsarrhythmia- MedGen UID:
- 195766
- •Concept ID:
- C0684276
- •
- Finding
Hypsarrhythmia is abnormal interictal high amplitude waves and a background of irregular spikes. There is continuous (during wakefulness), high-amplitude (>200 Hz), generalized polymorphic slowing with no organized background and multifocal spikes demonstrated by electroencephalography (EEG).
Hyporeflexia- MedGen UID:
- 195967
- •Concept ID:
- C0700078
- •
- Finding
Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.
Sensorimotor neuropathy- MedGen UID:
- 207266
- •Concept ID:
- C1112256
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Distal sensory impairment- MedGen UID:
- 335722
- •Concept ID:
- C1847584
- •
- Finding
An abnormal reduction in sensation in the distal portions of the extremities.
Motor delay- MedGen UID:
- 381392
- •Concept ID:
- C1854301
- •
- Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Cerebral cortical atrophy- MedGen UID:
- 1646740
- •Concept ID:
- C4551583
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Atrophy of the cortex of the cerebrum.
Hip dislocation- MedGen UID:
- 42455
- •Concept ID:
- C0019554
- •
- Injury or Poisoning
Displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint.
Congenital hip dislocation- MedGen UID:
- 9258
- •Concept ID:
- C0019555
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Hyperlordosis- MedGen UID:
- 9805
- •Concept ID:
- C0024003
- •
- Finding
Abnormally increased curvature (anterior concavity) of the lumbar or cervical spine.
Micrognathia- MedGen UID:
- 44428
- •Concept ID:
- C0025990
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.
Hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 10133
- •Concept ID:
- C0026827
- •
- Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Osteopenia- MedGen UID:
- 18222
- •Concept ID:
- C0029453
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5.
Scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 11348
- •Concept ID:
- C0036439
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Flexion contracture- MedGen UID:
- 83069
- •Concept ID:
- C0333068
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints.
Short thorax- MedGen UID:
- 140876
- •Concept ID:
- C0426789
- •
- Finding
Reduced inferior to superior extent of the thorax.
Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 609408
- •Concept ID:
- C0432211
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An osteochondrodysplasia that results in abnormalities of bone growth in the vertebral column, epiphysis, and metaphysis.
Coronal cleft vertebrae- MedGen UID:
- 320483
- •Concept ID:
- C1834954
- •
- Finding
Frontal schisis (cleft or cleavage) of vertebral bodies.
Metaphyseal irregularity- MedGen UID:
- 325478
- •Concept ID:
- C1838662
- •
- Finding
Irregularity of the normally smooth surface of the metaphyses.
Joint hypermobility- MedGen UID:
- 336793
- •Concept ID:
- C1844820
- •
- Finding
The capability that a joint (or a group of joints) has to move, passively and/or actively, beyond normal limits along physiological axes.
Cervical spinal canal stenosis- MedGen UID:
- 335056
- •Concept ID:
- C1844925
- •
- Finding
An abnormal narrowing of the cervical spinal canal.
Odontoid hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 339524
- •Concept ID:
- C1846439
- •
- Finding
The odontoid process, or dens, is a bony projection from the axis (C2) upward into the ring of the atlas (C1) at the top of the spine. During embryogenesis, the body of the odontoid derives from the centrum of the atlas and separates from the atlas, fusing with the superior portion of the axis. If the odontoid is hypoplastic or absent, the attachments for the apical and alar ligaments are missing, allowing for excessive rotation of the atlas, craniocervical instability, and possibly cord compression (summary by Stevens et al., 2009).
Flared metaphysis- MedGen UID:
- 337976
- •Concept ID:
- C1850135
- •
- Finding
The presence of a splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segment of one or more long bones.
Short long bone- MedGen UID:
- 344385
- •Concept ID:
- C1854912
- •
- Finding
One or more abnormally short long bone.
Dislocation of the femoral head- MedGen UID:
- 347145
- •Concept ID:
- C1859446
- •
- Finding
Joint dislocation of the femoral head.
Small foramen magnum- MedGen UID:
- 348813
- •Concept ID:
- C1861217
- •
- Finding
An abnormal narrowing of the foramen magnum.
Spinal canal stenosis- MedGen UID:
- 396107
- •Concept ID:
- C1861329
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal.
Delayed epiphyseal ossification- MedGen UID:
- 351324
- •Concept ID:
- C1865200
- •
- Finding
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca- MedGen UID:
- 9620
- •Concept ID:
- C0022575
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Dryness of the eye related to deficiency of the tear film components (aqueous, mucin, or lipid), lid surface abnormalities, or epithelial abnormalities. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca often results in a scratchy or sandy sensation (foreign body sensation) in the eyes, and may also be associated with itching, inability to produce tears, photosensitivity, redness, pain, and difficulty in moving the eyelids.
Hypoglycemia- MedGen UID:
- 6979
- •Concept ID:
- C0020615
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A decreased concentration of glucose in the blood.
Narrow mouth- MedGen UID:
- 44435
- •Concept ID:
- C0026034
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Distance between the commissures of the mouth more than 2 SD below the mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the oral aperture (subjective).
Mandibular prognathia- MedGen UID:
- 98316
- •Concept ID:
- C0399526
- •
- Finding
Abnormal prominence of the chin related to increased length of the mandible.
Thin vermilion border- MedGen UID:
- 108294
- •Concept ID:
- C0578038
- •
- Finding
Height of the vermilion of the medial part of the lip more than 2 SD below the mean, or apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the lip in the frontal view. The vermilion is the red part of the lips (and confusingly, the vermilion itself is also often referred to as being equivalent the lips).
Underdeveloped nasal alae- MedGen UID:
- 322332
- •Concept ID:
- C1834055
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Thinned, deficient, or excessively arched ala nasi.
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Prominent forehead- MedGen UID:
- 373291
- •Concept ID:
- C1837260
- •
- Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Midface retrusion- MedGen UID:
- 339938
- •Concept ID:
- C1853242
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle.
Thick eyebrow- MedGen UID:
- 377914
- •Concept ID:
- C1853487
- •
- Finding
Increased density/number and/or increased diameter of eyebrow hairs.
Short nose- MedGen UID:
- 343052
- •Concept ID:
- C1854114
- •
- Finding
Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip.
Infra-orbital crease- MedGen UID:
- 347408
- •Concept ID:
- C1857280
- •
- Finding
Skin crease extending from below the inner canthus laterally along the malar process of the maxilla and zygoma.
Flat forehead- MedGen UID:
- 347463
- •Concept ID:
- C1857485
- •
- Finding
A forehead with abnormal flatness.
Long philtrum- MedGen UID:
- 351278
- •Concept ID:
- C1865014
- •
- Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Poikiloderma- MedGen UID:
- 97905
- •Concept ID:
- C0392777
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Poikiloderma refers to a patch of skin with (1) reticulated hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, (2) wrinkling secondary to epidermal atrophy, and (3) telangiectasias.
Telangiectasia of the skin- MedGen UID:
- 867629
- •Concept ID:
- C4022018
- •
- Finding
Presence of small, permanently dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin, visible as small focal red lesions.
Breech presentation- MedGen UID:
- 654
- •Concept ID:
- C0006157
- •
- Pathologic Function
A position of the fetus at delivery in which the fetus enters the birth canal with the buttocks or feet first.
Central adrenal insufficiency- MedGen UID:
- 184925
- •Concept ID:
- C0948387
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A form of adrenal insufficiency related to a lack of ACTH, which leads to a decrease in the production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone production is not usually affected.
Decreased response to growth hormone stimulation test- MedGen UID:
- 1784655
- •Concept ID:
- C5539399
- •
- Finding
Insufficient responses to growth hormone (GH) provocation tests. GH deficiency is defined as a serum peak GH concentration less than 10 ng/mL on provocation with a combination of at least two separate stimulation tests.
Ptosis- MedGen UID:
- 2287
- •Concept ID:
- C0005745
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective).
Esotropia- MedGen UID:
- 4550
- •Concept ID:
- C0014877
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A form of strabismus with one or both eyes turned inward ('crossed') to a relatively severe degree, usually defined as 10 diopters or more.
Hypermetropia- MedGen UID:
- 43780
- •Concept ID:
- C0020490
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.
Nystagmus- MedGen UID:
- 45166
- •Concept ID:
- C0028738
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Strabismus- MedGen UID:
- 21337
- •Concept ID:
- C0038379
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.
Cataract- MedGen UID:
- 39462
- •Concept ID:
- C0086543
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.
Horizontal nystagmus- MedGen UID:
- 124399
- •Concept ID:
- C0271385
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Nystagmus consisting of horizontal to-and-fro eye movements.
Deeply set eye- MedGen UID:
- 473112
- •Concept ID:
- C0423224
- •
- Finding
An eye that is more deeply recessed into the plane of the face than is typical.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Abnormality of the digestive system
- Abnormality of the endocrine system
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Ear malformation
- Growth abnormality