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Short face

MedGen UID:
869039
•Concept ID:
C4023457
•
Anatomical Abnormality; Finding
Synonyms: Decreased height of face; Decreased length of face; Decreased vertical dimension of face; Short facies; Vertical deficiency of face; Vertical Facial Deficiency; Vertical facial insufficiency; Vertical hypoplasia of face; Vertical insufficiency of face; Vertical shortening of face
 
HPO: HP:0011219

Definition

Facial height (length) is more than two standard deviations below the mean (objective); or an apparent decrease in the height (length) of the face (subjective). [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVShort face

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Esthetic Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Effective Approach to Address Complex Short-Face Adult Cases.
Chang CL, Chen S, Liou EJ
Compend Contin Educ Dent 2019 May;40(5):284-289; quiz 290. PMID: 31067069
Nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a hypodivergent adult patient with bilateral posterior scissors bite and excessive overjet.
Nakamura M, Kawanabe N, Adachi R, Yamashiro T, Kamioka H
Angle Orthod 2019 Mar;89(2):333-349. Epub 2018 Aug 6 doi: 10.2319/111617-791.1. PMID: 30080111Free PMC Article
Growth modification of the face: A current perspective with emphasis on Class III treatment.
De Clerck HJ, Proffit WR
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015 Jul;148(1):37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.017. PMID: 26124026

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Intensive versus short face-to-face smoking cessation interventions: a meta-analysis.
Rasmussen M, Lauridsen SV, Pedersen B, Backer V, Tønnesen H
Eur Respir Rev 2022 Sep 30;31(165) Epub 2022 Aug 23 doi: 10.1183/16000617.0063-2022. PMID: 36002170Free PMC Article
Eyes Versus Faces: Morphologic Characteristics of Human Eyes in Different Facial Forms.
Jena AK, Sharan J, Anusuya V
J Craniofac Surg 2020 Jun;31(4):1034-1036. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000006281. PMID: 32118666
Short Face Dentofacial Deformities: Changes in Social Perceptions, Facial Esthetics, and Occlusion After Bimaxillary and Chin Orthognathic Correction.
Posnick JC, Ogunsanya O, Singh N, Kinard BE
J Craniofac Surg 2020 May/Jun;31(3):632-636. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000006086. PMID: 31856136
Deception and self-deception.
Schwardmann P, van der Weele J
Nat Hum Behav 2019 Oct;3(10):1055-1061. Epub 2019 Jul 29 doi: 10.1038/s41562-019-0666-7. PMID: 31358973
Cost minimization analysis for basic life support.
Castillo J, Gomar C, Rodriguez E, Trapero M, Gallart A
Resuscitation 2019 Jan;134:127-132. Epub 2018 Nov 11 doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.11.008. PMID: 30428308

Diagnosis

Intensive versus short face-to-face smoking cessation interventions: a meta-analysis.
Rasmussen M, Lauridsen SV, Pedersen B, Backer V, Tønnesen H
Eur Respir Rev 2022 Sep 30;31(165) Epub 2022 Aug 23 doi: 10.1183/16000617.0063-2022. PMID: 36002170Free PMC Article
Morphometric characteristics of cervical vertebrae in subjects with short, normal, and long faces.
Anusuya V, Sharan J, Jena AK
Surg Radiol Anat 2021 Jun;43(6):865-872. Epub 2020 Oct 31 doi: 10.1007/s00276-020-02599-0. PMID: 33128647
Esthetic Interdisciplinary Treatment: An Effective Approach to Address Complex Short-Face Adult Cases.
Chang CL, Chen S, Liou EJ
Compend Contin Educ Dent 2019 May;40(5):284-289; quiz 290. PMID: 31067069
Subjective facial analysis and its correlation with dental relationships.
Siécola GS, Capelozza L Filho, Lorenzoni DC, Janson G, Henriques JFC
Dental Press J Orthod 2017 Mar-Apr;22(2):87-94. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.2.087-094.oar. PMID: 28658360Free PMC Article
Facial soft tissue harmony and growth in orthodontic treatment.
Nanda RS, Ghosh J
Semin Orthod 1995 Jun;1(2):67-81. doi: 10.1016/s1073-8746(95)80094-8. PMID: 8935046

Therapy

Achieving the Attractive Asian Midface Profile with Hyaluronic Acid-Based Fillers.
Ho WWS
Dermatol Clin 2024 Jan;42(1):113-120. Epub 2023 Aug 1 doi: 10.1016/j.det.2023.06.013. PMID: 37977677
Intensive versus short face-to-face smoking cessation interventions: a meta-analysis.
Rasmussen M, Lauridsen SV, Pedersen B, Backer V, Tønnesen H
Eur Respir Rev 2022 Sep 30;31(165) Epub 2022 Aug 23 doi: 10.1183/16000617.0063-2022. PMID: 36002170Free PMC Article
Long-term Effect of Face-to-Face vs Virtual Reality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Training on Willingness to Perform CPR, Retention of Knowledge, and Dissemination of CPR Awareness: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
Nas J, Thannhauser J, Konijnenberg LSF, van Geuns RM, van Royen N, Bonnes JL, Brouwer MA
JAMA Netw Open 2022 May 2;5(5):e2212964. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.12964. PMID: 35587346Free PMC Article
Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea.
Capistrano A, Cordeiro A, Capelozza Filho L, Almeida VC, Silva PI, Martinez S, de Almeida-Pedrin RR
Dental Press J Orthod 2015 Nov-Dec;20(6):60-7. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.20.6.060-067.oar. PMID: 26691971Free PMC Article
Multiracial Facial Golden Ratio and Evaluation of Facial Appearance.
Alam MK, Mohd Noor NF, Basri R, Yew TF, Wen TH
PLoS One 2015;10(11):e0142914. Epub 2015 Nov 12 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142914. PMID: 26562655Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Cost minimization analysis for basic life support.
Castillo J, Gomar C, Rodriguez E, Trapero M, Gallart A
Resuscitation 2019 Jan;134:127-132. Epub 2018 Nov 11 doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.11.008. PMID: 30428308
Is Preoperative Maintenance of the Curve of Spee Associated With an Increase of Facial Height in Class II Short Face Orthognathic Patients? A Never Answered Dogmatic Question.
Foletti JM, Antonarakis GS, Vanden Eynden X, Courvoisier DS, Scolozzi P
J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Dec;76(12):2638-2645. Epub 2018 Jun 2 doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.05.028. PMID: 29957237
Growth modification of the face: A current perspective with emphasis on Class III treatment.
De Clerck HJ, Proffit WR
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015 Jul;148(1):37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.017. PMID: 26124026
Three-dimensional effect of pitch, roll, and yaw rotations on maxillomandibular complex movement.
Kim SJ, Lee KJ, Yu HS, Jung YS, Baik HS
J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015 Mar;43(2):264-73. Epub 2014 Nov 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2014.11.022. PMID: 25557879
Posttreatment changes in different facial types.
Zaher AR, Bishara SE, Jakobsen JR
Angle Orthod 1994;64(6):425-36. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(1994)064<0425:PCIDFT>2.0.CO;2. PMID: 7864464

Clinical prediction guides

Morphometric characteristics of cervical vertebrae in subjects with short, normal, and long faces.
Anusuya V, Sharan J, Jena AK
Surg Radiol Anat 2021 Jun;43(6):865-872. Epub 2020 Oct 31 doi: 10.1007/s00276-020-02599-0. PMID: 33128647
Subjective facial analysis and its correlation with dental relationships.
Siécola GS, Capelozza L Filho, Lorenzoni DC, Janson G, Henriques JFC
Dental Press J Orthod 2017 Mar-Apr;22(2):87-94. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.2.087-094.oar. PMID: 28658360Free PMC Article
Growth modification of the face: A current perspective with emphasis on Class III treatment.
De Clerck HJ, Proffit WR
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015 Jul;148(1):37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.017. PMID: 26124026
Perceptions of laypersons and dentists regarding the effect of tooth and gingival display on smile attractiveness in long- and short-face individuals.
Oshagh M, Moghadam T, Dashlibrun YN
Eur J Esthet Dent 2013 Winter;8(4):570-81. PMID: 24624379
Perceptions of laypersons and orthodontists regarding the buccal corridor in long- and short-face individuals.
Zange SE, Ramos AL, Cuoghi OA, de Mendonça MR, Suguino R
Angle Orthod 2011 Jan;81(1):86-90. doi: 10.2319/031210-145.1. PMID: 20936959Free PMC Article

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