U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Reduced acetaldehyde dehydrogenase level

MedGen UID:
871130
•Concept ID:
C4025601
•
Finding
Synonym: Delayed oxidation of acetaldehyde
 
HPO: HP:0003533

Definition

Decreased level of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). ALDH and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are the primary enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVReduced acetaldehyde dehydrogenase level

Conditions with this feature

Alcohol sensitivity, acute
MedGen UID:
390639
•Concept ID:
C2674838
•
Finding
Alcohol intolerance is characterized by immediate unpleasant reactions after drinking alcohol. The most common signs and symptoms of alcohol intolerance are stuffy nose and skin flushing. Alcohol intolerance is caused by a genetic condition in which the body is unable to break down alcohol efficiently, usually found in Asians. These individuals accumulate acetaldehyde, the primary metabolite of ethanol, because of a genetic polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that metabolizes acetaldehyde to nontoxic acetate. The only way to prevent alcohol intolerance reactions is to avoid alcohol. Alcohol intolerance isn't an allergy. However, in some cases, what seems to be alcohol intolerance may be a reaction to something in an alcoholic beverage, such as chemicals, grains or preservatives. Combining alcohol with certain medications also can cause reactions. In rare instances, an unpleasant reaction to alcohol can be a sign of a serious underlying health problem that requires diagnosis and treatment.
See: Condition Record
Alcohol sensitivity, acute

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Biological markers of alcoholism with respect to genotypes of low-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) in Japanese subjects.
Nomura F, Itoga S, Tamura M, Harada S, Iizuka Y, Nakai T
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000 Apr;24(4 Suppl):30S-33S. PMID: 10803776

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Baicalin Antagonizes Prostate Cancer Stemness via Inhibiting Notch1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Wu MH, Wu K, Zhu YB, Li DC, Yang H, Zeng H
Chin J Integr Med 2023 Oct;29(10):914-923. Epub 2023 Jun 26 doi: 10.1007/s11655-023-3595-2. PMID: 37357241
Detection of Acetaldehyde in the Esophageal Tissue among Healthy Male Subjects after Ethanol Drinking and Subsequent L-Cysteine Intake.
Okata H, Hatta W, Iijima K, Asanuma K, Tsuruya A, Asano N, Koike T, Hamada S, Nakayama T, Masamune A, Shimosegawa T
Tohoku J Exp Med 2018 Apr;244(4):317-325. doi: 10.1620/tjem.244.317. PMID: 29681559
An expanding knowledge of the mechanisms and effects of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease.
Matsumoto C, Miedema MD, Ofman P, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2014 May-Jun;34(3):159-71. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000042. PMID: 24667667
PPARalpha and PPARbeta are differentially affected by ethanol and the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.
Venkata NG, Aung CS, Cabot PJ, Monteith GR, Roberts-Thomson SJ
Toxicol Sci 2008 Mar;102(1):120-8. Epub 2007 Nov 13 doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm281. PMID: 18003597
The role of acetaldehyde in alcohol-associated cancer of the gastrointestinal tract.
Seitz HK, Homann N
Novartis Found Symp 2007;285:110-9; discussion 119-4, 198-9. doi: 10.1002/9780470511848.ch8. PMID: 17590990

Diagnosis

Development of bacterial biosensor for sensitive and selective detection of acetaldehyde.
Liang B, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Xia T, Chen R, Yang J
Biosens Bioelectron 2021 Dec 1;193:113566. Epub 2021 Aug 13 doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113566. PMID: 34416430
Disulfiram Acts as a Potent Radio-Chemo Sensitizer in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines and Transplanted Xenografts.
Yao W, Qian X, Ochsenreither S, Soldano F, DeLeo AB, Sudhoff H, Oppel F, Kuppig A, Klinghammer K, Kaufmann AM, Albers AE
Cells 2021 Feb 28;10(3) doi: 10.3390/cells10030517. PMID: 33671083Free PMC Article
Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity plays a Key role in the aggressive phenotype of neuroblastoma.
Flahaut M, Jauquier N, Chevalier N, Nardou K, Balmas Bourloud K, Joseph JM, Barras D, Widmann C, Gross N, Renella R, Mühlethaler-Mottet A
BMC Cancer 2016 Oct 10;16(1):781. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2820-1. PMID: 27724856Free PMC Article
Cisplatin-resistant cells in malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines show ALDH(high)CD44(+) phenotype and sphere-forming capacity.
Cortes-Dericks L, Froment L, Boesch R, Schmid RA, Karoubi G
BMC Cancer 2014 Apr 30;14:304. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-304. PMID: 24884875Free PMC Article
Biological markers of alcoholism with respect to genotypes of low-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) in Japanese subjects.
Nomura F, Itoga S, Tamura M, Harada S, Iizuka Y, Nakai T
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000 Apr;24(4 Suppl):30S-33S. PMID: 10803776

Therapy

Differential Cytotoxicity Mechanisms of Copper Complexed with Disulfiram in Oral Cancer Cells.
Chen SY, Chang YL, Liu ST, Chen GS, Lee SP, Huang SM
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Apr 2;22(7) doi: 10.3390/ijms22073711. PMID: 33918312Free PMC Article
Hepatic injury and inflammation alter ethanol metabolism and drinking behavior.
Ren T, Mackowiak B, Lin Y, Gao Y, Niu J, Gao B
Food Chem Toxicol 2020 Feb;136:111070. Epub 2019 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111070. PMID: 31870920Free PMC Article
Detection of Acetaldehyde in the Esophageal Tissue among Healthy Male Subjects after Ethanol Drinking and Subsequent L-Cysteine Intake.
Okata H, Hatta W, Iijima K, Asanuma K, Tsuruya A, Asano N, Koike T, Hamada S, Nakayama T, Masamune A, Shimosegawa T
Tohoku J Exp Med 2018 Apr;244(4):317-325. doi: 10.1620/tjem.244.317. PMID: 29681559
An expanding knowledge of the mechanisms and effects of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease.
Matsumoto C, Miedema MD, Ofman P, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2014 May-Jun;34(3):159-71. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000042. PMID: 24667667
The role of acetaldehyde in alcohol-associated cancer of the gastrointestinal tract.
Seitz HK, Homann N
Novartis Found Symp 2007;285:110-9; discussion 119-4, 198-9. doi: 10.1002/9780470511848.ch8. PMID: 17590990

Prognosis

Disulfiram Acts as a Potent Radio-Chemo Sensitizer in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines and Transplanted Xenografts.
Yao W, Qian X, Ochsenreither S, Soldano F, DeLeo AB, Sudhoff H, Oppel F, Kuppig A, Klinghammer K, Kaufmann AM, Albers AE
Cells 2021 Feb 28;10(3) doi: 10.3390/cells10030517. PMID: 33671083Free PMC Article
The predominant expression of cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3 in tumor infiltrative area is associated with shorter overall survival of human glioblastoma.
Gan C, Pierscianek D, El Hindy N, Ahmadipour Y, Keyvani K, Sure U, Zhu Y
BMC Cancer 2020 Jul 17;20(1):672. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07153-0. PMID: 32680476Free PMC Article
ALDH1A3 correlates with luminal phenotype in prostate cancer.
Wang S, Liang C, Bao M, Li X, Zhang L, Li S, Qin C, Shao P, Li J, Hua L, Wang Z
Tumour Biol 2017 Apr;39(4):1010428317703652. doi: 10.1177/1010428317703652. PMID: 28443495
Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity plays a Key role in the aggressive phenotype of neuroblastoma.
Flahaut M, Jauquier N, Chevalier N, Nardou K, Balmas Bourloud K, Joseph JM, Barras D, Widmann C, Gross N, Renella R, Mühlethaler-Mottet A
BMC Cancer 2016 Oct 10;16(1):781. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2820-1. PMID: 27724856Free PMC Article
A PBPK model for evaluating the impact of aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphisms on comparative rat and human nasal tissue acetaldehyde dosimetry.
Teeguarden JG, Bogdanffy MS, Covington TR, Tan C, Jarabek AM
Inhal Toxicol 2008 Feb;20(4):375-90. doi: 10.1080/08958370801903750. PMID: 18302046

Clinical prediction guides

Baicalin Antagonizes Prostate Cancer Stemness via Inhibiting Notch1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Wu MH, Wu K, Zhu YB, Li DC, Yang H, Zeng H
Chin J Integr Med 2023 Oct;29(10):914-923. Epub 2023 Jun 26 doi: 10.1007/s11655-023-3595-2. PMID: 37357241
The predominant expression of cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3 in tumor infiltrative area is associated with shorter overall survival of human glioblastoma.
Gan C, Pierscianek D, El Hindy N, Ahmadipour Y, Keyvani K, Sure U, Zhu Y
BMC Cancer 2020 Jul 17;20(1):672. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07153-0. PMID: 32680476Free PMC Article
An expanding knowledge of the mechanisms and effects of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease.
Matsumoto C, Miedema MD, Ofman P, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2014 May-Jun;34(3):159-71. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000042. PMID: 24667667
Acetaldehyde differentially affects the growth of uterine leiomyomata and myometrial cells in tissue cultures.
Shveiky D, Shushan A, Ben Bassat H, Klein BY, Ben Meir A, Levitzky R, Rojansky N
Fertil Steril 2009 Feb;91(2):575-9. Epub 2008 Mar 4 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.001. PMID: 18304535
A physiologically based model for ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism in human beings.
Umulis DM, Gürmen NM, Singh P, Fogler HS
Alcohol 2005 Jan;35(1):3-12. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2004.11.004. PMID: 15922132

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...