From HPO
Heparan sulfate excretion in urine- MedGen UID:
- 340721
- •Concept ID:
- C1854827
- •
- Finding
An increased concentration of heparan sulfates in the urine.
Broad palm- MedGen UID:
- 75535
- •Concept ID:
- C0264142
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
For children from birth to 4 years of age the palm width is more than 2 SD above the mean; for children from 4 to 16 years of age the palm width is above the 95th centile; or, the width of the palm appears disproportionately wide for the length.
Pes cavus- MedGen UID:
- 675590
- •Concept ID:
- C0728829
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
The presence of an unusually high plantar arch. Also called high instep, pes cavus refers to a distinctly hollow form of the sole of the foot when it is bearing weight.
Mitral regurgitation- MedGen UID:
- 7670
- •Concept ID:
- C0026266
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.
Asymmetric septal hypertrophy- MedGen UID:
- 104705
- •Concept ID:
- C0205700
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with an asymmetrical pattern of hypertrophy, with a predilection for the interventricular septum and myocyte disarray.
Growth abnormality- MedGen UID:
- 808205
- •Concept ID:
- C0262361
- •
- Finding
Short stature- MedGen UID:
- 87607
- •Concept ID:
- C0349588
- •
- Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Dysphagia- MedGen UID:
- 41440
- •Concept ID:
- C0011168
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Difficulty in swallowing.
Diarrhea- MedGen UID:
- 8360
- •Concept ID:
- C0011991
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Abnormally increased frequency (usually defined as three or more) loose or watery bowel movements a day.
Tube feeding- MedGen UID:
- 8641
- •Concept ID:
- C0014327
- •
- Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure
Feeding problem necessitating food and nutrient delivery via a tube.
Hepatomegaly- MedGen UID:
- 42428
- •Concept ID:
- C0019209
- •
- Finding
Abnormally increased size of the liver.
Low-set ears- MedGen UID:
- 65980
- •Concept ID:
- C0239234
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Hearing impairment- MedGen UID:
- 235586
- •Concept ID:
- C1384666
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
Aggressive behavior- MedGen UID:
- 1375
- •Concept ID:
- C0001807
- •
- Individual Behavior
Aggressive behavior can denote verbal aggression, physical aggression against objects, physical aggression against people, and may also include aggression towards oneself.
Dysarthria- MedGen UID:
- 8510
- •Concept ID:
- C0013362
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Oppositional defiant disorder- MedGen UID:
- 18178
- •Concept ID:
- C0029121
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
An enduring pattern of uncooperative, defiant, and hostile behavior toward authority figures that does not involve major antisocial violations, is not accounted for by the child's developmental stage, and results in significant functional impairment. A certain level of oppositional behavior is common in children and adolescents.
Seizure- MedGen UID:
- 20693
- •Concept ID:
- C0036572
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterised by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Sleep disturbance- MedGen UID:
- 52372
- •Concept ID:
- C0037317
- •
- Sign or Symptom
An abnormality of sleep including such phenomena as 1) insomnia/hypersomnia, 2) non-restorative sleep, 3) sleep schedule disorder, 4) excessive daytime somnolence, 5) sleep apnea, and 6) restlessness.
Agitation- MedGen UID:
- 88447
- •Concept ID:
- C0085631
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A state of exceeding restlessness and excessive motor activity associated with mental distress or a feeling of inner tension.
Sleep onset insomnia- MedGen UID:
- 98288
- •Concept ID:
- C0393760
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Difficulty initiating sleep, that is, increased sleep onset latency.
Hyperactivity- MedGen UID:
- 98406
- •Concept ID:
- C0424295
- •
- Finding
Hyperactivity is a state of constantly being unusually or abnormally active, including in situations in which it is not appropriate.
Delayed speech and language development- MedGen UID:
- 105318
- •Concept ID:
- C0454644
- •
- Finding
A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age.
Global developmental delay- MedGen UID:
- 107838
- •Concept ID:
- C0557874
- •
- Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Cerebellar atrophy- MedGen UID:
- 196624
- •Concept ID:
- C0740279
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.
Absent speech- MedGen UID:
- 340737
- •Concept ID:
- C1854882
- •
- Finding
Complete lack of development of speech and language abilities.
Brisk reflexes- MedGen UID:
- 382164
- •Concept ID:
- C2673700
- •
- Finding
Tendon reflexes that are noticeably more active than usual (conventionally denoted 3+ on clinical examination). Brisk reflexes may or may not indicate a neurological lesion. They are distinguished from hyperreflexia by the fact that hyerreflexia is characterized by hyperactive repeating (clonic) reflexes, which are considered to be always abnormal.
Intellectual disability- MedGen UID:
- 811461
- •Concept ID:
- C3714756
- •
- Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, has been defined as an IQ score below 70.
Restlessness- MedGen UID:
- 854457
- •Concept ID:
- C3887611
- •
- Sign or Symptom
A state of unease characterized by diffuse motor activity or motion subject to limited control, nonproductive or disorganized behavior, and subjective distress.
Sleep-wake inversion- MedGen UID:
- 1644493
- •Concept ID:
- C4703574
- •
- Finding
A reversal of sleeping habits with a tendency to sleep during the day and to be awake at night.
Inguinal hernia- MedGen UID:
- 6817
- •Concept ID:
- C0019294
- •
- Finding
Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.
Cyst - pilonidal- MedGen UID:
- 19314
- •Concept ID:
- C0031925
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A sinus in the coccygeal region (the region of the intergluteal cleft). A pilonidal sinus often contains hair and skin debris.
Hurler syndrome- MedGen UID:
- 39698
- •Concept ID:
- C0086795
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a progressive multisystem disorder with features ranging over a continuum of severity. While affected individuals have traditionally been classified as having one of three MPS I syndromes (Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome, or Scheie syndrome), no easily measurable biochemical differences have been identified and the clinical findings overlap. Affected individuals are best described as having either a phenotype consistent with either severe (Hurler syndrome) or attenuated MPS I, a distinction that influences therapeutic options. Severe MPS I. Infants appear normal at birth. Typical early manifestations are nonspecific (e.g., umbilical or inguinal hernia, frequent upper respiratory tract infections before age 1 year). Coarsening of the facial features may not become apparent until after age one year. Gibbus deformity of the lower spine is common and often noted within the first year. Progressive skeletal dysplasia (dysostosis multiplex) involving all bones is universal, as is progressive arthropathy involving most joints. By age three years, linear growth decreases. Intellectual disability is progressive and profound but may not be readily apparent in the first year of life. Progressive cardiorespiratory involvement, hearing loss, and corneal clouding are common. Without treatment, death (typically from cardiorespiratory failure) usually occurs within the first ten years of life. Attenuated MPS I. Clinical onset is usually between ages three and ten years. The severity and rate of disease progression range from serious life-threatening complications leading to death in the second to third decade, to a normal life span complicated by significant disability from progressive joint manifestations and cardiorespiratory disease. While some individuals have no neurologic involvement and psychomotor development may be normal in early childhood, learning disabilities and psychiatric manifestations can be present later in life. Hearing loss, cardiac valvular disease, respiratory involvement, and corneal clouding are common.
Joint stiffness- MedGen UID:
- 56403
- •Concept ID:
- C0162298
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Joint stiffness is a perceived sensation of tightness in a joint or joints when attempting to move them after a period of inactivity. Joint stiffness typically subsides over time.
Frontal bossing- MedGen UID:
- 67453
- •Concept ID:
- C0221354
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.
Difficulty walking- MedGen UID:
- 86319
- •Concept ID:
- C0311394
- •
- Finding
Reduced ability to walk (ambulate).
Epiphyseal dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 95932
- •Concept ID:
- C0392476
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Elbow flexion contracture- MedGen UID:
- 98367
- •Concept ID:
- C0409338
- •
- Acquired Abnormality
An elbow contracture that limits the ability of the elbow joint to be extended (straightened), meaning that the elbow is fixed in an flexed (bent) position.
Achilles tendon contracture- MedGen UID:
- 98052
- •Concept ID:
- C0410264
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
A contracture of the Achilles tendon.
Thickened ribs- MedGen UID:
- 98096
- •Concept ID:
- C0426820
- •
- Finding
Increased thickness (diameter) of ribs.
Thoracic scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 387910
- •Concept ID:
- C1857790
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Hypoplastic vertebral bodies- MedGen UID:
- 354963
- •Concept ID:
- C1863353
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Ovoid thoracolumbar vertebrae- MedGen UID:
- 401469
- •Concept ID:
- C1868556
- •
- Finding
Macrocephaly- MedGen UID:
- 745757
- •Concept ID:
- C2243051
- •
- Finding
Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.
Hip dysplasia- MedGen UID:
- 1640560
- •Concept ID:
- C4551649
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
The presence of developmental dysplasia of the hip.
Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections- MedGen UID:
- 154380
- •Concept ID:
- C0581381
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections as manifested by a history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (running ears - otitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis).
Splenomegaly- MedGen UID:
- 52469
- •Concept ID:
- C0038002
- •
- Finding
Abnormal increased size of the spleen.
Recurrent otitis media- MedGen UID:
- 155436
- •Concept ID:
- C0747085
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Increased susceptibility to otitis media, as manifested by recurrent episodes of otitis media.
Drooling- MedGen UID:
- 8484
- •Concept ID:
- C0013132
- •
- Finding
Habitual flow of saliva out of the mouth.
Macroglossia- MedGen UID:
- 44236
- •Concept ID:
- C0024421
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Increased length and width of the tongue.
Wide mouth- MedGen UID:
- 44238
- •Concept ID:
- C0024433
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Distance between the oral commissures more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased width of the oral aperture (subjective).
Short neck- MedGen UID:
- 99267
- •Concept ID:
- C0521525
- •
- Finding
Diminished length of the neck.
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Thick vermilion border- MedGen UID:
- 332232
- •Concept ID:
- C1836543
- •
- Finding
Increased width of the skin of vermilion border region of upper lip.
Prominent forehead- MedGen UID:
- 373291
- •Concept ID:
- C1837260
- •
- Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Thick lower lip vermilion- MedGen UID:
- 326567
- •Concept ID:
- C1839739
- •
- Finding
Increased thickness of the lower lip, leading to a prominent appearance of the lower lip. The height of the vermilion of the lower lip in the midline is more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased height of the vermilion of the lower lip in the frontal view (subjective).
Anteverted nares- MedGen UID:
- 326648
- •Concept ID:
- C1840077
- •
- Finding
Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).
Coarse facial features- MedGen UID:
- 335284
- •Concept ID:
- C1845847
- •
- Finding
Absence of fine and sharp appearance of brows, nose, lips, mouth, and chin, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues.
Thick eyebrow- MedGen UID:
- 377914
- •Concept ID:
- C1853487
- •
- Finding
Increased density/number and/or increased diameter of eyebrow hairs.
Broad alveolar ridges- MedGen UID:
- 347470
- •Concept ID:
- C1857500
- •
- Finding
Hirsutism- MedGen UID:
- 42461
- •Concept ID:
- C0019572
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Abnormally increased hair growth referring to a male pattern of body hair (androgenic hair).
Coarse hair- MedGen UID:
- 124454
- •Concept ID:
- C0277959
- •
- Finding
Hair shafts are rough in texture.
Synophrys- MedGen UID:
- 98132
- •Concept ID:
- C0431447
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Meeting of the medial eyebrows in the midline.
Facial hirsutism- MedGen UID:
- 337950
- •Concept ID:
- C1850041
- •
- Finding
Excess facial hair.
Hypertelorism- MedGen UID:
- 9373
- •Concept ID:
- C0020534
- •
- Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).
Nyctalopia- MedGen UID:
- 10349
- •Concept ID:
- C0028077
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Inability to see well at night or in poor light.
Deeply set eye- MedGen UID:
- 473112
- •Concept ID:
- C0423224
- •
- Finding
An eye that is more deeply recessed into the plane of the face than is typical.
Visual impairment- MedGen UID:
- 777085
- •Concept ID:
- C3665347
- •
- Finding
Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.
Cellular metachromasia- MedGen UID:
- 871114
- •Concept ID:
- C4025583
- •
- Finding
Metachromasia (also known as metachromacy) is a characteristic color change which certain aniline dyes exhibit when bound to particular substances or when concentrated in solution. For example, the basic dye toluidine blue becomes distinctly pink when bound to cartilage matrix. In the sense used here, the metachromasia refers to a change in color not observed with normal tissues, anomalous staining with the cationic dyes toluidine blue O and Alcian blue resulting from excessive amounts of the polyanionic glycosaminoglycans.
- Abnormal cellular phenotype
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abnormality of the digestive system
- Abnormality of the ear
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the genitourinary system
- Abnormality of the immune system
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system
- Growth abnormality