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Anal intraepithelial neoplasia

MedGen UID:
91117
•Concept ID:
C0347129
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: AIN - Anal intraepithelial neoplasia; Anal Canal and Anal Margin Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Anal Canal and Perianal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Anal Dysplasia; Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Anal Squamous Dysplasia; Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Dysplasia of anus; Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Anus; Intraepithelial Neoplasia of the Anus
SNOMED CT: Dysplasia of anus (399563001); Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (255143004); AIN - Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (255143004)
 
HPO: HP:0032187

Definition

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is a premalignant lesion of the anal mucosa that is a precursor to anal cancer. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and screening for anal intraepithelial neoplasia in Belgium: position statement.
Roelandt P, De Looze D, De Schepper H, Ledouble V, Surmont M, Cuming T
Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2022 Oct-Dec;85(4):625-631. doi: 10.51821/85.4.10820. PMID: 36566372
Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions: an update and proposed management algorithm.
Chittleborough T, Tapper R, Eglinton T, Frizelle F
Tech Coloproctol 2020 Feb;24(2):95-103. Epub 2019 Dec 13 doi: 10.1007/s10151-019-02133-4. PMID: 31834554

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine in men: results of an open-label, long-term extension of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Goldstone SE, Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Lazcano-Ponce E, Penny ME, Cabello RE, Moreira ED Jr, Baraldi E, Jessen H, Ferenczy A, Kurman R, Ronnett BM, Stoler MH, Bautista O, Das R, Group T, Luxembourg A, Zhou HJ, Saah A
Lancet Infect Dis 2022 Mar;22(3):413-425. Epub 2021 Nov 12 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00327-3. PMID: 34780705
Efficacy, effectiveness and safety of vaccination against human papillomavirus in males: a systematic review.
Harder T, Wichmann O, Klug SJ, van der Sande MAB, Wiese-Posselt M
BMC Med 2018 Jul 18;16(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12916-018-1098-3. PMID: 30016957Free PMC Article
Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.
Limoges-Gonzalez M, Al-Juburi A
J Clin Gastroenterol 2017 Mar;51(3):203-207. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000721. PMID: 27749636

Diagnosis

A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
Anal dysplasia and anal cancer. English version.
Wieland U, Oellig F, Kreuter A
Hautarzt 2020 Dec;71(Suppl 2):74-81. doi: 10.1007/s00105-020-04562-x. PMID: 32303769
An overview of anal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Buzard CL, Rizzolo D
JAAPA 2018 Jul;31(7):1-5. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000534979.69236.e7. PMID: 29957613
Vulvar and Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Terminology, Diagnosis, and Ancillary Studies.
Yang EJ, Kong CS, Longacre TA
Adv Anat Pathol 2017 May;24(3):136-150. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000149. PMID: 28398952
Anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.
Bejarano PA, Boutros M, Berho M
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2013 Dec;42(4):893-912. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.09.005. PMID: 24280406

Therapy

Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine in men: results of an open-label, long-term extension of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Goldstone SE, Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Lazcano-Ponce E, Penny ME, Cabello RE, Moreira ED Jr, Baraldi E, Jessen H, Ferenczy A, Kurman R, Ronnett BM, Stoler MH, Bautista O, Das R, Group T, Luxembourg A, Zhou HJ, Saah A
Lancet Infect Dis 2022 Mar;22(3):413-425. Epub 2021 Nov 12 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00327-3. PMID: 34780705
Efficacy, effectiveness and safety of vaccination against human papillomavirus in males: a systematic review.
Harder T, Wichmann O, Klug SJ, van der Sande MAB, Wiese-Posselt M
BMC Med 2018 Jul 18;16(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12916-018-1098-3. PMID: 30016957Free PMC Article
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma in HIV-infected adults.
Tong WW, Hillman RJ, Kelleher AD, Grulich AE, Carr A
HIV Med 2014 Feb;15(2):65-76. Epub 2013 Sep 6 doi: 10.1111/hiv.12080. PMID: 24007498
Anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.
Bejarano PA, Boutros M, Berho M
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2013 Dec;42(4):893-912. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2013.09.005. PMID: 24280406

Prognosis

A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine in men: results of an open-label, long-term extension of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Goldstone SE, Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Lazcano-Ponce E, Penny ME, Cabello RE, Moreira ED Jr, Baraldi E, Jessen H, Ferenczy A, Kurman R, Ronnett BM, Stoler MH, Bautista O, Das R, Group T, Luxembourg A, Zhou HJ, Saah A
Lancet Infect Dis 2022 Mar;22(3):413-425. Epub 2021 Nov 12 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00327-3. PMID: 34780705
Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Screening With Anal Pap Tests: Follow-up and Corresponding Histology.
Geltzeiler CB, Son J, Carchman EH, Lawson EH, Harms BA, Striker R, Selvaggi S, Voils CI
J Surg Res 2019 Dec;244:117-121. Epub 2019 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.029. PMID: 31284140
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.
Morton M, Melnitchouk N, Bleday R
Curr Probl Cancer 2018 Sep;42(5):486-492. Epub 2018 Nov 23 doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.11.001. PMID: 30497849
The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.
Rider P, Hunter J, Grimm L
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2018 Jul 5;20(8):38. doi: 10.1007/s11894-018-0640-y. PMID: 29974261

Clinical prediction guides

Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
Anal dysplasia and anal cancer. English version.
Wieland U, Oellig F, Kreuter A
Hautarzt 2020 Dec;71(Suppl 2):74-81. doi: 10.1007/s00105-020-04562-x. PMID: 32303769
Efficacy, effectiveness and safety of vaccination against human papillomavirus in males: a systematic review.
Harder T, Wichmann O, Klug SJ, van der Sande MAB, Wiese-Posselt M
BMC Med 2018 Jul 18;16(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12916-018-1098-3. PMID: 30016957Free PMC Article
The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.
Rider P, Hunter J, Grimm L
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2018 Jul 5;20(8):38. doi: 10.1007/s11894-018-0640-y. PMID: 29974261

Recent systematic reviews

Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV infection and recurrence of HPV related disease after local surgical treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kechagias KS, Kalliala I, Bowden SJ, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Paraskevaidis E, Dillner J, Nieminen P, Strander B, Sasieni P, Veroniki AA, Kyrgiou M
BMJ 2022 Aug 3;378:e070135. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-070135. PMID: 35922074Free PMC Article
A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytology and HPV-related biomarkers for anal cancer screening among different risk groups.
Clarke MA, Deshmukh AA, Suk R, Roberts J, Gilson R, Jay N, Stier EA, Wentzensen N
Int J Cancer 2022 Dec 1;151(11):1889-1901. Epub 2022 Aug 6 doi: 10.1002/ijc.34199. PMID: 35793241Free PMC Article
Comparing and contrasting clinical consensus and guidelines for anal intraepithelial neoplasia in different geographical regions.
Brogden DRL, Lupi MEE, Warren OJ, Kontovounisios C, Mills SC
Updates Surg 2021 Dec;73(6):2047-2058. Epub 2021 Sep 4 doi: 10.1007/s13304-021-01156-7. PMID: 34482519Free PMC Article
Evaluating the efficacy of treatment options for anal intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review.
Brogden DRL, Walsh U, Pellino G, Kontovounisios C, Tekkis P, Mills SC
Int J Colorectal Dis 2021 Feb;36(2):213-226. Epub 2020 Sep 26 doi: 10.1007/s00384-020-03740-6. PMID: 32979069Free PMC Article
Efficacy, effectiveness and safety of vaccination against human papillomavirus in males: a systematic review.
Harder T, Wichmann O, Klug SJ, van der Sande MAB, Wiese-Posselt M
BMC Med 2018 Jul 18;16(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12916-018-1098-3. PMID: 30016957Free PMC Article

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