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Chitayat syndrome(CHYTS)

MedGen UID:
934646
Concept ID:
C4310679
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: CHYTS
 
Gene (location): ERF (19q13.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014956
OMIM®: 617180

Definition

Chitayat syndrome (CHYTS) is a rare condition characterized by respiratory distress presenting at birth, bilateral accessory phalanx resulting in shortened index fingers with ulnar deviation, hallux valgus, and characteristic facial features including prominent eyes, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, full lips, and upturned nose (summary by Balasubramanian et al., 2017). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hallux valgus
MedGen UID:
5416
Concept ID:
C0018536
Anatomical Abnormality
Lateral deviation of the great toe (i.e., in the direction of the little toe).
Brachydactyly
MedGen UID:
67454
Concept ID:
C0221357
Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Short middle phalanx of the 5th finger
MedGen UID:
322335
Concept ID:
C1834060
Anatomical Abnormality
Hypoplastic/small middle phalanx of the fifth finger.
Clinodactyly of the 5th finger
MedGen UID:
340456
Concept ID:
C1850049
Congenital Abnormality
Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).
Short 2nd finger
MedGen UID:
396302
Concept ID:
C1862142
Finding
Hypoplasia of the second finger, also known as the index finger.
Short proximal phalanx of hallux
MedGen UID:
396305
Concept ID:
C1862159
Finding
Underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the proximal phalanx of big toe.
Short middle phalanx of the 2nd finger
MedGen UID:
867077
Concept ID:
C4021435
Anatomical Abnormality
Hypoplasia (congenital reduction in size) of the middle phalanx of the second finger, also known as the index finger.
Finger hyperphalangy
MedGen UID:
892886
Concept ID:
C4072906
Anatomical Abnormality
Hyperphalangy is a digit morphology in which increased numbers of phalanges are arranged linearly within a digit. That is, there is an accessory phalanx that is arranged linearly with the other phalanges.
Patent ductus arteriosus
MedGen UID:
4415
Concept ID:
C0013274
Congenital Abnormality
In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences.
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Gastroesophageal reflux
MedGen UID:
1368658
Concept ID:
C4317146
Finding
A condition in which the stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter.
Overfolded helix
MedGen UID:
325239
Concept ID:
C1837731
Finding
A condition in which the helix is folded over to a greater degree than normal. That is, excessive curling of the helix edge, whereby the free edge is parallel to the plane of the ear.
Delayed speech and language development
MedGen UID:
105318
Concept ID:
C0454644
Finding
A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Motor delay
MedGen UID:
381392
Concept ID:
C1854301
Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Diaphragmatic eventration
MedGen UID:
8359
Concept ID:
C0011981
Congenital Abnormality
A congenital failure of muscular development of part or all of one or both hemidiaphragms, resulting in superior displacement of abdominal viscera and altered lung development.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Flat occiput
MedGen UID:
332439
Concept ID:
C1837402
Finding
Reduced convexity of the occiput (posterior part of skull).
Generalized hypotonia
MedGen UID:
346841
Concept ID:
C1858120
Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Pectus excavatum
MedGen UID:
781174
Concept ID:
C2051831
Finding
A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance.
Bronchomalacia
MedGen UID:
82679
Concept ID:
C0264353
Disease or Syndrome
Weakness or softness of the cartilage in the walls of the bronchial tubes.
Respiratory distress
MedGen UID:
96907
Concept ID:
C0476273
Sign or Symptom
Respiratory distress is objectively observable as the physical or emotional consequences from the experience of dyspnea. The physical presentation of respiratory distress is generally referred to as labored breathing, while the sensation of respiratory distress is called shortness of breath or dyspnea.
Tracheomalacia
MedGen UID:
215296
Concept ID:
C0948187
Disease or Syndrome
Congenital tracheomalacia is a rare condition where the trachea is soft and flexible causing the tracheal wall to collapse when exhaling, coughing or crying, that usually presents in infancy, and that is characterized by stridor and noisy breathing or upper respiratory infections. Tracheomalacia improves by the age of 18-24 months.
Interstitial emphysema
MedGen UID:
234586
Concept ID:
C1370824
Disease or Syndrome
Interstitial emphysema is characterized by air dissecting within the interstitium of the lung, typically in the peribronchovascular sheaths, interlobular septa, and visceral pleura. It is most commonly seen in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation. It is rarely recognized radiographically in adults and is infrequently seen on CT scans. It appears as perivascular lucent or low attenuating halos and small cysts.
Recurrent respiratory infections
MedGen UID:
812812
Concept ID:
C3806482
Finding
An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections.
Depressed nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
373112
Concept ID:
C1836542
Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Thick vermilion border
MedGen UID:
332232
Concept ID:
C1836543
Finding
Increased width of the skin of vermilion border region of upper lip.
Narrow forehead
MedGen UID:
326956
Concept ID:
C1839758
Finding
Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations below the mean (objective); or apparently narrow intertemporal region (subjective).
Anteverted nares
MedGen UID:
326648
Concept ID:
C1840077
Finding
Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).
Wide nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
341441
Concept ID:
C1849367
Finding
Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).
Short columella
MedGen UID:
341783
Concept ID:
C1857479
Finding
Reduced distance from the anterior border of the naris to the subnasale.
Long philtrum
MedGen UID:
351278
Concept ID:
C1865014
Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Polyhydramnios
MedGen UID:
6936
Concept ID:
C0020224
Pathologic Function
The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.
Proptosis
MedGen UID:
41917
Concept ID:
C0015300
Disease or Syndrome
An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.
Hypertelorism
MedGen UID:
9373
Concept ID:
C0020534
Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Shinar S, Chitayat D, Shannon P, Blaser S
Prenat Diagn 2023 Dec;43(13):1650-1661. Epub 2023 Nov 27 doi: 10.1002/pd.6473. PMID: 38009873
Kaur M, Blair J, Devkota B, Fortunato S, Clark D, Lawrence A, Kim J, Do W, Semeo B, Katz O, Mehta D, Yamamoto N, Schindler E, Al Rawi Z, Wallace N, Wilde JJ, McCallum J, Liu J, Xu D, Jackson M, Rentas S, Tayoun AA, Zhe Z, Abdul-Rahman O, Allen B, Angula MA, Anyane-Yeboa K, Argente J, Arn PH, Armstrong L, Basel-Salmon L, Baynam G, Bird LM, Bruegger D, Ch'ng GS, Chitayat D, Clark R, Cox GF, Dave U, DeBaere E, Field M, Graham JM Jr, Gripp KW, Greenstein R, Gupta N, Heidenreich R, Hoffman J, Hopkin RJ, Jones KL, Jones MC, Kariminejad A, Kogan J, Lace B, Leroy J, Lynch SA, McDonald M, Meagher K, Mendelsohn N, Micule I, Moeschler J, Nampoothiri S, Ohashi K, Powell CM, Ramanathan S, Raskin S, Roeder E, Rio M, Rope AF, Sangha K, Scheuerle AE, Schneider A, Shalev S, Siu V, Smith R, Stevens C, Tkemaladze T, Toimie J, Toriello H, Turner A, Wheeler PG, White SM, Young T, Loomes KM, Pipan M, Harrington AT, Zackai E, Rajagopalan R, Conlin L, Deardorff MA, McEldrew D, Pie J, Ramos F, Musio A, Kline AD, Izumi K, Raible SE, Krantz ID
Am J Med Genet A 2023 Aug;191(8):2113-2131. Epub 2023 Jun 28 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63247. PMID: 37377026Free PMC Article
Braun DA, Rao J, Mollet G, Schapiro D, Daugeron MC, Tan W, Gribouval O, Boyer O, Revy P, Jobst-Schwan T, Schmidt JM, Lawson JA, Schanze D, Ashraf S, Ullmann JFP, Hoogstraten CA, Boddaert N, Collinet B, Martin G, Liger D, Lovric S, Furlano M, Guerrera IC, Sanchez-Ferras O, Hu JF, Boschat AC, Sanquer S, Menten B, Vergult S, De Rocker N, Airik M, Hermle T, Shril S, Widmeier E, Gee HY, Choi WI, Sadowski CE, Pabst WL, Warejko JK, Daga A, Basta T, Matejas V, Scharmann K, Kienast SD, Behnam B, Beeson B, Begtrup A, Bruce M, Ch'ng GS, Lin SP, Chang JH, Chen CH, Cho MT, Gaffney PM, Gipson PE, Hsu CH, Kari JA, Ke YY, Kiraly-Borri C, Lai WM, Lemyre E, Littlejohn RO, Masri A, Moghtaderi M, Nakamura K, Ozaltin F, Praet M, Prasad C, Prytula A, Roeder ER, Rump P, Schnur RE, Shiihara T, Sinha MD, Soliman NA, Soulami K, Sweetser DA, Tsai WH, Tsai JD, Topaloglu R, Vester U, Viskochil DH, Vatanavicharn N, Waxler JL, Wierenga KJ, Wolf MTF, Wong SN, Leidel SA, Truglio G, Dedon PC, Poduri A, Mane S, Lifton RP, Bouchard M, Kannu P, Chitayat D, Magen D, Callewaert B, van Tilbeurgh H, Zenker M, Antignac C, Hildebrandt F
Nat Genet 2017 Oct;49(10):1529-1538. Epub 2017 Aug 14 doi: 10.1038/ng.3933. PMID: 28805828Free PMC Article

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