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Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome 4(ICF4)

MedGen UID:
934765
Concept ID:
C4310798
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: ICF4
 
Gene (location): HELLS (10q23.33)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0014829
OMIM®: 616911

Definition

Immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome-4 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent infections in childhood and variable dysmorphic facial features. Laboratory studies show hypomethylation of certain chromosomal regions. Additional features, including delayed development, are variable (summary by Thijssen et al., 2015). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome, see ICF1 (242860). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Motor delay
MedGen UID:
381392
Concept ID:
C1854301
Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Agammaglobulinemia
MedGen UID:
168
Concept ID:
C0001768
Disease or Syndrome
A lasting absence of total IgG and total IgA and total IgM in the blood circulation, whereby at most trace quantities can be measured.
Recurrent infections
MedGen UID:
65998
Concept ID:
C0239998
Finding
Increased susceptibility to infections.
Abnormal B cell morphology
MedGen UID:
867383
Concept ID:
C4021748
Finding
A structural abnormality of B cells.
Decreased circulating antibody concentration
MedGen UID:
892481
Concept ID:
C4048270
Finding
An abnormally decreased level of immunoglobulin in blood.
Epicanthus
MedGen UID:
151862
Concept ID:
C0678230
Congenital Abnormality
Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).
Depressed nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
373112
Concept ID:
C1836542
Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Hypertelorism
MedGen UID:
9373
Concept ID:
C0020534
Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Kiaee F, Zaki-Dizaji M, Hafezi N, Almasi-Hashiani A, Hamedifar H, Sabzevari A, Shirkani A, Zian Z, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Aghamahdi F, Goudarzvand M, Yazdani R, Abolhassani H, Aghamohammadi A, Azizi G
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021;21(4):664-672. doi: 10.2174/1871530320666200613204426. PMID: 32533820
Salsi V, Magdinier F, Tupler R
Genes (Basel) 2020 Feb 28;11(3) doi: 10.3390/genes11030258. PMID: 32121044Free PMC Article
Unoki M, Funabiki H, Velasco G, Francastel C, Sasaki H
J Clin Invest 2019 Jan 2;129(1):78-92. Epub 2018 Nov 19 doi: 10.1172/JCI99751. PMID: 30307408Free PMC Article
Weemaes CM, van Tol MJ, Wang J, van Ostaijen-ten Dam MM, van Eggermond MC, Thijssen PE, Aytekin C, Brunetti-Pierri N, van der Burg M, Graham Davies E, Ferster A, Furthner D, Gimelli G, Gennery A, Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Meyn S, Powell C, Reisli I, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Shugar A, van den Elsen PJ, van der Maarel SM
Eur J Hum Genet 2013 Nov;21(11):1219-25. Epub 2013 Mar 13 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.40. PMID: 23486536Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Salsi V, Magdinier F, Tupler R
Genes (Basel) 2020 Feb 28;11(3) doi: 10.3390/genes11030258. PMID: 32121044Free PMC Article
Weemaes CM, van Tol MJ, Wang J, van Ostaijen-ten Dam MM, van Eggermond MC, Thijssen PE, Aytekin C, Brunetti-Pierri N, van der Burg M, Graham Davies E, Ferster A, Furthner D, Gimelli G, Gennery A, Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Meyn S, Powell C, Reisli I, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Shugar A, van den Elsen PJ, van der Maarel SM
Eur J Hum Genet 2013 Nov;21(11):1219-25. Epub 2013 Mar 13 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.40. PMID: 23486536Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Kiaee F, Zaki-Dizaji M, Hafezi N, Almasi-Hashiani A, Hamedifar H, Sabzevari A, Shirkani A, Zian Z, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Aghamahdi F, Goudarzvand M, Yazdani R, Abolhassani H, Aghamohammadi A, Azizi G
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021;21(4):664-672. doi: 10.2174/1871530320666200613204426. PMID: 32533820

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