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Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious

MedGen UID:
9621
•Concept ID:
C0022576
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Infectious Keratoconjunctivitides; Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis; Keratoconjunctivitides, Infectious

Definition

Infectious diseases of cattle, sheep, and goats, characterized by blepharospasm, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, and varying degrees of corneal opacity and ulceration. In cattle the causative agent is MORAXELLA (MORAXELLA) BOVIS; in sheep, MYCOPLASMA; RICKETTSIA; CHLAMYDIA; or ACHOLEPLASMA; in goats, RICKETTSIA. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVKeratoconjunctivitis, Infectious

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Corticosteroids in the Management of Infectious Keratitis: A Concise Review.
Sharma B, Soni D, Mohan RR, Sarkar D, Gupta R, Chauhan K, Karkhur S, Morya AK
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2021 Oct;37(8):452-463. Epub 2021 Aug 26 doi: 10.1089/jop.2021.0040. PMID: 34448619
Challenges in management of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis with emerging recombinant human adenoviruses.
Gonzalez G, Yawata N, Aoki K, Kitaichi N
J Clin Virol 2019 Mar;112:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2019.01.004. PMID: 30654207
Evaluation and differential diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Lemp MA
J Rheumatol Suppl 2000 Dec;61:11-4. PMID: 11128698

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clinical Profile of Bilateral Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis in Healthy Individuals-A Case Series With Long-term Follow-up.
Mohanty A, Mitra S, Das S, Priyadarshini S, Sahu SK
Cornea 2020 Jul;39(7):902-908. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002297. PMID: 32141940
Swimming Pool-Associated Vittaforma-Like Microsporidia Linked to Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis Outbreak, Taiwan.
Chen JS, Hsu TK, Hsu BM, Chao SC, Huang TY, Ji DD, Yang PY, Huang IH
Emerg Infect Dis 2019 Nov;25(11):2100-2103. doi: 10.3201/eid2511.181483. PMID: 31625849Free PMC Article
The effect of corneal infiltrates on densitometry and higher-order aberrations.
Tekin K, Kiziltoprak H, Koc M, Goker YS, Kocer AM, Yilmazbas P
Clin Exp Optom 2019 Mar;102(2):140-146. Epub 2018 Aug 14 doi: 10.1111/cxo.12828. PMID: 30107640
Lacrimal Duct Occlusion Is Associated with Infectious Keratitis.
Li G, Guo J, Liu R, Hu W, Xu L, Wang J, Cai S, Zhang H, Zhu Y
Int J Med Sci 2016;13(10):800-805. Epub 2016 Oct 17 doi: 10.7150/ijms.16515. PMID: 27766030Free PMC Article
Development of prophylactic recombinant HPV58-attenuated Shigella live vector vaccine and evaluation of its protective efficacy and immunogenicity in the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model.
Li W, Liu H, Yang X, Zheng J, Wang Y, Si L
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009 Feb;41(2):137-45. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmn016. PMID: 19204831

Diagnosis

The effect of corneal infiltrates on densitometry and higher-order aberrations.
Tekin K, Kiziltoprak H, Koc M, Goker YS, Kocer AM, Yilmazbas P
Clin Exp Optom 2019 Mar;102(2):140-146. Epub 2018 Aug 14 doi: 10.1111/cxo.12828. PMID: 30107640
Lacrimal Duct Occlusion Is Associated with Infectious Keratitis.
Li G, Guo J, Liu R, Hu W, Xu L, Wang J, Cai S, Zhang H, Zhu Y
Int J Med Sci 2016;13(10):800-805. Epub 2016 Oct 17 doi: 10.7150/ijms.16515. PMID: 27766030Free PMC Article
Clinical and corneal microbial profile of infectious keratitis in a high HIV prevalence setting in rural South Africa.
Schaftenaar E, Peters RP, Baarsma GS, Meenken C, Khosa NS, Getu S, McIntyre JA, Osterhaus AD, Verjans GM
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016 Sep;35(9):1403-9. Epub 2016 May 28 doi: 10.1007/s10096-016-2677-x. PMID: 27236644Free PMC Article
Is visual function affected in severe ocular allergies?
Leonardi A, Bonini S
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 Oct;13(5):558-62. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364ec7a. PMID: 23974686
Chlamydial infections in small ruminants.
Nietfeld JC
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2001 Jul;17(2):301-14, vi. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30030-x. PMID: 11515403

Therapy

Adenovirus-related epidemic keratoconjunctivitis outbreak at a hospital-affiliated ophthalmology clinic.
Muller MP, Siddiqui N, Ivancic R, Wong D
Am J Infect Control 2018 May;46(5):581-583. Epub 2018 Jan 2 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.011. PMID: 29305276
Analysis on the treatment and prevention of epidemic conjunctivitis in 108 cases.
Sun G, Su G, Bai Y, Yang H
Pak J Pharm Sci 2017 Jul;30(4(Suppl.)):1501-1503. PMID: 29044005
Is visual function affected in severe ocular allergies?
Leonardi A, Bonini S
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 Oct;13(5):558-62. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364ec7a. PMID: 23974686
Effects of topical ocular administration of high doses of human recombinant interferon alpha-2b and feline recombinant interferon omega on naturally occurring viral keratoconjunctivitis in cats.
Slack JM, Stiles J, Leutenegger CM, Moore GE, Pogranichniy RM
Am J Vet Res 2013 Feb;74(2):281-9. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.281. PMID: 23363355
Topical fumagillin in the treatment of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in AIDS.
Garvey MJ, Ambrose PG, Ulmer JL
Ann Pharmacother 1995 Sep;29(9):872-4. doi: 10.1177/106002809502900909. PMID: 8547736

Prognosis

Clinical Profile of Bilateral Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis in Healthy Individuals-A Case Series With Long-term Follow-up.
Mohanty A, Mitra S, Das S, Priyadarshini S, Sahu SK
Cornea 2020 Jul;39(7):902-908. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002297. PMID: 32141940
Targeting species D adenoviruses replication to counteract the epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.
Nikitenko NA, Speiseder T, Groitl P, Spirin PV, Prokofjeva MM, Lebedev TD, Rubtsov PM, Lam E, Riecken K, Fehse B, Dobner T, Prassolov VS
Biochimie 2015 Jun;113:10-6. Epub 2015 Mar 19 doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.010. PMID: 25796214
New approach for early, simple, and rapid detection of acute eye infections.
Romano A
Metab Pediatr Syst Ophthalmol (1985) 1988;11(1-2):53-7. PMID: 3255869

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical Profile of Bilateral Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis in Healthy Individuals-A Case Series With Long-term Follow-up.
Mohanty A, Mitra S, Das S, Priyadarshini S, Sahu SK
Cornea 2020 Jul;39(7):902-908. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000002297. PMID: 32141940
Clinical and corneal microbial profile of infectious keratitis in a high HIV prevalence setting in rural South Africa.
Schaftenaar E, Peters RP, Baarsma GS, Meenken C, Khosa NS, Getu S, McIntyre JA, Osterhaus AD, Verjans GM
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016 Sep;35(9):1403-9. Epub 2016 May 28 doi: 10.1007/s10096-016-2677-x. PMID: 27236644Free PMC Article
Human adenovirus type 8: the major agent of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC).
Adhikary AK, Banik U
J Clin Virol 2014 Dec;61(4):477-86. Epub 2014 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.10.015. PMID: 25464969
Is visual function affected in severe ocular allergies?
Leonardi A, Bonini S
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 Oct;13(5):558-62. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328364ec7a. PMID: 23974686
Effects of topical ocular administration of high doses of human recombinant interferon alpha-2b and feline recombinant interferon omega on naturally occurring viral keratoconjunctivitis in cats.
Slack JM, Stiles J, Leutenegger CM, Moore GE, Pogranichniy RM
Am J Vet Res 2013 Feb;74(2):281-9. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.281. PMID: 23363355

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