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Leiomyoma

MedGen UID:
9710
•Concept ID:
C0023267
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Fibroid; Fibroid Tumor; Fibroid Tumors; Fibroids; Fibromyoma; Fibromyomas; Leiomyomas; Tumor, Fibroid; Tumors, Fibroid
SNOMED CT: Fibromyoma (1162890002); Leiomyofibroma (1162890002); Plexiform leiomyoma (1162890002); Fibroleiomyoma (1162890002); Fibroid (1162890002); Leiomyoma (1162890002); Soft tissue tumor of smooth muscle differentiation (1187125003); Leiomyomatous neoplasm (1187125003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001572

Definition

A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVLeiomyoma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Achanna KS, Nanda J
Med J Malaysia 2022 May;77(3):374-383. PMID: 35638495
Management of Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 228.
Obstet Gynecol 2021 Jun 1;137(6):e100-e115. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004401. PMID: 34011888
Evaluation and Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.
Marnach ML, Laughlin-Tommaso SK
Mayo Clin Proc 2019 Feb;94(2):326-335. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.12.012. PMID: 30711128

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate promotes uterine leiomyoma cell survival through tryptophan-kynurenine-AHR pathway activation.
Iizuka T, Yin P, Zuberi A, Kujawa S, Coon JS 5th, Björvang RD, Damdimopoulou P, Pacyga DC, Strakovsky RS, Flaws JA, Bulun SE
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 Nov 22;119(47):e2208886119. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1073/pnas.2208886119. PMID: 36375056Free PMC Article
Epigenomic and enhancer dysregulation in uterine leiomyomas.
Mlodawska OW, Saini P, Parker JB, Wei JJ, Bulun SE, Simon MA, Chakravarti D
Hum Reprod Update 2022 Jun 30;28(4):518-547. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmac008. PMID: 35199155Free PMC Article
Leiomyoma with nuclear atypia: Rare diseases that present a common diagnostic problem.
Wei JJ
Semin Diagn Pathol 2022 May;39(3):187-200. Epub 2022 Feb 2 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.01.006. PMID: 35144823Free PMC Article
The effect of uterine leiomyoma on the risk of malpresentation and cesarean: a meta-analysis.
Jenabi E, Khazaei S
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Jan;31(1):87-92. Epub 2017 Jan 17 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1275553. PMID: 28027686
The association between uterine leiomyoma and placenta abruption: A meta-analysis.
Jenabi E, Ebrahimzadeh Zagami S
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017 Nov;30(22):2742-2746. Epub 2016 Nov 29 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1261401. PMID: 27844480

Diagnosis

Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use and the Development and Progression of Uterine Leiomyoma.
Harmon QE, Patchel SA, Zhao S, Umbach DM, Cooper TE, Baird DD
Obstet Gynecol 2022 May 1;139(5):797-807. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004745. PMID: 35576339Free PMC Article
Leiomyoma with nuclear atypia: Rare diseases that present a common diagnostic problem.
Wei JJ
Semin Diagn Pathol 2022 May;39(3):187-200. Epub 2022 Feb 2 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.01.006. PMID: 35144823Free PMC Article
Intraocular leiomyoma: Current concepts.
Tomar AS, Finger PT, Iacob CE
Surv Ophthalmol 2020 Jul-Aug;65(4):421-437. Epub 2020 Jan 7 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.12.008. PMID: 31923479
Review of Leiomyoma Variants.
Arleo EK, Schwartz PE, Hui P, McCarthy S
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015 Oct;205(4):912-21. doi: 10.2214/AJR.14.13946. PMID: 26397344
Paraurethral leiomyoma.
Perugia G, Ciccariello M, Pirolli F, Chinazzi A, Teodonio S, Borgoni G, Croce F, Liberti M
Urology 2012 Apr;79(4):e51-2. Epub 2011 Oct 19 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.08.004. PMID: 22014968

Therapy

Long-term Relugolix Combination Therapy for Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas.
Al-Hendy A, Lukes AS, Poindexter AN 3rd, Venturella R, Villarroel C, McKain L, Li Y, Wagman RB, Stewart EA
Obstet Gynecol 2022 Dec 1;140(6):920-930. Epub 2022 Nov 2 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004988. PMID: 36357960Free PMC Article
Uterine-Artery Embolization or Myomectomy for Uterine Fibroids.
Manyonda I, Belli AM, Lumsden MA, Moss J, McKinnon W, Middleton LJ, Cheed V, Wu O, Sirkeci F, Daniels JP, McPherson K; FEMME Collaborative Group
N Engl J Med 2020 Jul 30;383(5):440-451. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1914735. PMID: 32726530
Uterine artery embolization: A review of current concepts.
Keung JJ, Spies JB, Caridi TM
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2018 Jan;46:66-73. Epub 2017 Sep 29 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.09.003. PMID: 29128204
Short-term and long-term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women.
Formoso G, Perrone E, Maltoni S, Balduzzi S, Wilkinson J, Basevi V, Marata AM, Magrini N, D'Amico R, Bassi C, Maestri E
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 Oct 12;10(10):CD008536. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008536.pub3. PMID: 27733017Free PMC Article
Uterine fibroid management: from the present to the future.
Donnez J, Dolmans MM
Hum Reprod Update 2016 Nov;22(6):665-686. Epub 2016 Jul 27 doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmw023. PMID: 27466209Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use and the Development and Progression of Uterine Leiomyoma.
Harmon QE, Patchel SA, Zhao S, Umbach DM, Cooper TE, Baird DD
Obstet Gynecol 2022 May 1;139(5):797-807. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004745. PMID: 35576339Free PMC Article
Uterine angiomyolipoma: a clinical analysis of 8 cases and literature review.
Wang J, Yang Q, Zhang N, Wang D
Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021 Jul;304(1):171-177. Epub 2021 Feb 10 doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-05992-1. PMID: 33569612
Evaluation and Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.
Marnach ML, Laughlin-Tommaso SK
Mayo Clin Proc 2019 Feb;94(2):326-335. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.12.012. PMID: 30711128
Disparities in Fibroid Incidence, Prognosis, and Management.
Laughlin-Tommaso SK, Jacoby VL, Myers ER
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2017 Mar;44(1):81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2016.11.007. PMID: 28160895
Epidemiology of myomas.
Payson M, Leppert P, Segars J
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2006 Mar;33(1):1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2005.12.004. PMID: 16504803Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Long-term Relugolix Combination Therapy for Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas.
Al-Hendy A, Lukes AS, Poindexter AN 3rd, Venturella R, Villarroel C, McKain L, Li Y, Wagman RB, Stewart EA
Obstet Gynecol 2022 Dec 1;140(6):920-930. Epub 2022 Nov 2 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004988. PMID: 36357960Free PMC Article
Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use and the Development and Progression of Uterine Leiomyoma.
Harmon QE, Patchel SA, Zhao S, Umbach DM, Cooper TE, Baird DD
Obstet Gynecol 2022 May 1;139(5):797-807. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004745. PMID: 35576339Free PMC Article
The differences in characteristics of uterine leiomyomas and the diverse adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Abdullah RK, Massey IY, Liu N, Zhao Y, Zeng H
J Obstet Gynaecol 2021 Aug;41(6):841-847. Epub 2021 Feb 22 doi: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1846020. PMID: 33615961
The effect of uterine leiomyoma on the risk of malpresentation and cesarean: a meta-analysis.
Jenabi E, Khazaei S
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Jan;31(1):87-92. Epub 2017 Jan 17 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1275553. PMID: 28027686
The association between uterine leiomyoma and placenta abruption: A meta-analysis.
Jenabi E, Ebrahimzadeh Zagami S
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017 Nov;30(22):2742-2746. Epub 2016 Nov 29 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1261401. PMID: 27844480

Recent systematic reviews

Molecular Insights in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: A Systematic Review.
Sparić R, Andjić M, Babović I, Nejković L, Mitrović M, Štulić J, Pupovac M, Tinelli A
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Aug 27;23(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms23179728. PMID: 36077127Free PMC Article
Fibroids and natural fertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Somigliana E, Reschini M, Bonanni V, Busnelli A, Li Piani L, Vercellini P
Reprod Biomed Online 2021 Jul;43(1):100-110. Epub 2021 Mar 23 doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.03.013. PMID: 33903032
Epidemiology of uterine fibroids: a systematic review.
Stewart EA, Cookson CL, Gandolfo RA, Schulze-Rath R
BJOG 2017 Sep;124(10):1501-1512. Epub 2017 May 13 doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.14640. PMID: 28296146
Fibroids (uterine myomatosis, leiomyomas).
Lethaby A, Vollenhoven B
BMJ Clin Evid 2015 Jun 2;2015 PMID: 26032466Free PMC Article
Fibroids and infertility: an updated systematic review of the evidence.
Pritts EA, Parker WH, Olive DL
Fertil Steril 2009 Apr;91(4):1215-23. Epub 2008 Mar 12 doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.051. PMID: 18339376

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