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Keloid formation(KLDF)

MedGen UID:
460844
Concept ID:
C3149494
Finding
Synonyms: KELOID FORMATION; KLDF
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0007847
OMIM®: 148100

Definition

Keloid is a dermal fibroproliferative growth caused by pathologic wound healing following skin injury. Keloid is defined as a scar growing continuously and invasively beyond the confines of the original wound and is characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and deposition of extracellular matrix and collagen fibers. Local tissue factors, especially wound tension or infection, and endocrine factors are known to be involved in keloid formation. However, the fact that the incidence of keloid is higher in darker-skinned individuals suggests that genetic factors also play an important role (summary by Nakashima et al., 2010). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Keloid
MedGen UID:
7197
Concept ID:
C0022548
Acquired Abnormality
An irregularly shaped, elevated mark on the skin caused by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen during wound healing. It extends beyond the original boundaries of the wound and may enlarge progressively.
  • Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Andrews JP, Marttala J, Macarak E, Rosenbloom J, Uitto J
Matrix Biol 2016 Apr;51:37-46. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.01.013. PMID: 26844756Free PMC Article
Sidle DM, Kim H
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011 Aug;19(3):505-15. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2011.06.005. PMID: 21856538
Gauglitz GG, Korting HC, Pavicic T, Ruzicka T, Jeschke MG
Mol Med 2011 Jan-Feb;17(1-2):113-25. Epub 2010 Oct 5 doi: 10.2119/molmed.2009.00153. PMID: 20927486Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Ezekwe N, Neelam R, Jones BA, Ozog DM, Hamzavi IH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2023 Jul;89(1):181-182. Epub 2023 Mar 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.001. PMID: 36905960
Xu H, Zhu Z, Hu J, Sun J, Wo Y, Wang X, Zou H, Li B, Zhang Y
Cell Mol Immunol 2022 Apr;19(4):527-539. Epub 2022 Jan 17 doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00834-1. PMID: 35039632Free PMC Article
Wang MZ, Warshaw EM
Dermatitis 2012 Nov-Dec;23(6):281-3. doi: 10.1097/DER.0b013e318273a4dd. PMID: 23169210
Speer AL, Schofield DE, Wang KS, Shin CE, Stein JE, Shaul DB, Mahour GH, Ford HR
J Pediatr Surg 2008 Jul;43(7):1295-300. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.10.068. PMID: 18639685
Robles DT, Moore E, Draznin M, Berg D
Dermatol Online J 2007 Jul 13;13(3):9. PMID: 18328203

Diagnosis

Santiago S, Brown R, Shao K, Hooper J, Perez M
J Drugs Dermatol 2023 Jul 1;22(7):641-646. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6859. PMID: 37410041
Xu H, Zhu Z, Hu J, Sun J, Wo Y, Wang X, Zou H, Li B, Zhang Y
Cell Mol Immunol 2022 Apr;19(4):527-539. Epub 2022 Jan 17 doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00834-1. PMID: 35039632Free PMC Article
Abarca H, Mellgren AE, Trubnykova M, Haugen OH, Høvding G, Tveit KS, Houge G, Bredrup C, Hennekam RC
Am J Med Genet A 2014 Nov;164A(11):2901-7. Epub 2014 Aug 14 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36713. PMID: 25124224
Davidson S, Aziz N, Rashid RM, Khachemoune A
Medscape J Med 2009;11(1):18. Epub 2009 Jan 20 PMID: 19295939Free PMC Article
Coppa LM, Alam M, Longley BJ, Stiller MJ
Cutis 1999 Oct;64(4):243-4. PMID: 10544878

Therapy

Tam I, Sun L, Patel A, Woo L, Weaver J, Shah SD
Pediatr Dermatol 2024 May-Jun;41(3):483-489. Epub 2023 Nov 20 doi: 10.1111/pde.15473. PMID: 37983948
Andrews JP, Marttala J, Macarak E, Rosenbloom J, Uitto J
Matrix Biol 2016 Apr;51:37-46. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.01.013. PMID: 26844756Free PMC Article
Hochman B, Isoldi FC, Silveira TS, Borba GC, Ferreira LM
Australas J Dermatol 2015 Aug;56(3):e77-9. Epub 2015 Feb 25 doi: 10.1111/ajd.12190. PMID: 25715880
Wang MZ, Warshaw EM
Dermatitis 2012 Nov-Dec;23(6):281-3. doi: 10.1097/DER.0b013e318273a4dd. PMID: 23169210
Robles DT, Moore E, Draznin M, Berg D
Dermatol Online J 2007 Jul 13;13(3):9. PMID: 18328203

Prognosis

Garg SP, Williams T, Taritsa IC, Wan R, Goel C, Harris R, Huffman K, Galiano RD
Wound Repair Regen 2023 Nov-Dec;31(6):731-737. Epub 2023 Oct 15 doi: 10.1111/wrr.13120. PMID: 37768279
Santiago S, Brown R, Shao K, Hooper J, Perez M
J Drugs Dermatol 2023 Jul 1;22(7):641-646. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6859. PMID: 37410041
Liu S, Yang H, Song J, Zhang Y, Abualhssain ATH, Yang B
Exp Dermatol 2022 Nov;31(11):1665-1675. Epub 2022 Sep 11 doi: 10.1111/exd.14671. PMID: 36052657
Xu H, Zhu Z, Hu J, Sun J, Wo Y, Wang X, Zou H, Li B, Zhang Y
Cell Mol Immunol 2022 Apr;19(4):527-539. Epub 2022 Jan 17 doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00834-1. PMID: 35039632Free PMC Article
Lee YC, Chan HH, Black MM
Australas J Dermatol 1996 Nov;37(4):205-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.1996.tb01056.x. PMID: 8961590

Clinical prediction guides

Hahn JM, Combs KA, Powell HM, Supp DM
Wound Repair Regen 2023 Sep-Oct;31(5):563-575. Epub 2023 Jul 27 doi: 10.1111/wrr.13109. PMID: 37458255
Santiago S, Brown R, Shao K, Hooper J, Perez M
J Drugs Dermatol 2023 Jul 1;22(7):641-646. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6859. PMID: 37410041
Xu H, Zhu Z, Hu J, Sun J, Wo Y, Wang X, Zou H, Li B, Zhang Y
Cell Mol Immunol 2022 Apr;19(4):527-539. Epub 2022 Jan 17 doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00834-1. PMID: 35039632Free PMC Article
Garg S, Dosapaty N, Arora AK
Dermatol Surg 2019 Jan;45(1):83-89. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000001641. PMID: 30188329
Siraganian PA, Rubinstein JH, Miller RW
Med Pediatr Oncol 1989;17(6):485-91. doi: 10.1002/mpo.2950170526. PMID: 2586363

Recent systematic reviews

Bitterman D, Wang JY, Collins A, Zafar K, Kabakova M, Patel P, Joerg L, Cohen M, Austin E, Jagdeo J
Arch Dermatol Res 2024 Sep 14;316(9):626. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03352-y. PMID: 39276195
James AJ, Torres-Guzman RA, Chaker SC, Sigel ME, Perdikis G, Supp DM, Dale Slater EL
Wound Repair Regen 2024 Sep-Oct;32(5):746-757. Epub 2024 Jul 3 doi: 10.1111/wrr.13203. PMID: 38958095
Isoldi FC, Garcia A, Vieites L, Ferreira LM
Wound Repair Regen 2024 Mar-Apr;32(2):171-181. Epub 2024 Feb 13 doi: 10.1111/wrr.13157. PMID: 38351501
Garg SP, Williams T, Taritsa IC, Wan R, Goel C, Harris R, Huffman K, Galiano RD
Wound Repair Regen 2023 Nov-Dec;31(6):731-737. Epub 2023 Oct 15 doi: 10.1111/wrr.13120. PMID: 37768279
Anderson L, Vankawala J, Gupta N, Dorfman R, Pflibsen L, Vardanian A, Delong M
Aesthet Surg J 2023 Jul 15;43(8):820-829. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjad034. PMID: 36797842

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