MedGen

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-106 (DEE106) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the onset of various types of frequent, often refractory, seizures within the first year of life. Affected individuals demonstrate profound global developmental delay with limited ability to move and severely impaired intellectual development with absent speech. Nonspecific brain abnormalities may be observed on MRI (Ni et al., 2021). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of DEE, see 308350. [from OMIM]

Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia of the Di Rocco type (SEMDDR) is characterized by short stature, joint pain, and genu varum, as well as SEMD involving primarily the hips but also affecting the wrists, hands, knees, and ankles. Patients also exhibit variable degrees of metaphyseal and spine involvement (Di Rocco et al., 2018). [from OMIM]

Beukes hip dysplasia (HDB) is characterized by severe progressive degenerative osteoarthritis of the hip joint in early adulthood, with underlying dysplasia confined to that region. Affected individuals are of normal stature and have no associated health problems. Symptoms of hip joint discomfort usually develop in infancy or later childhood, but may present as late as the fourth decade. Phenotypic expression is age-related and variable in severity; penetrance is incomplete and has been estimated to be 80%. The earliest primary radiographic features of HDB include bilateral shortening and broadening of the femoral neck, delayed appearance of the secondary ossification center, coxa vara, displacement of the femoral head in the acetabulum, and overgrowth of the greater trochanters. After onset of symptoms, the characteristic signs of osteoarthritis develop, including bone sclerosis, cyst formation, and narrowing of the joint space, with rapid deterioration of the joint (summary by Watson et al., 2015). [from OMIM]