Holoprosencephaly
Anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. Alobar prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia; cyclopia; severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; SEIZURES; and microcephaly. Semilobar holoprosencepaly is characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal malformations, and variable degrees of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. Lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent) facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY to normal. Holoprosencephaly is associated with CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITIES.
Year introduced: 1991
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Subheadings:
Tree Number(s): C05.660.207.410, C10.500.034.875, C16.131.077.410, C16.131.260.380, C16.131.621.207.410, C16.131.666.034.875, C16.320.180.380
MeSH Unique ID: D016142
Entry Terms:
- Holoprosencephalies
- Semilobar Holoprosencephaly
- Holoprosencephalies, Semilobar
- Holoprosencephaly, Semilobar
- Semilobar Holoprosencephalies
- Lobar Holoprosencephaly
- Holoprosencephalies, Lobar
- Holoprosencephaly, Lobar
- Lobar Holoprosencephalies
- Alobar Holoprosencephaly
- Alobar Holoprosencephalies
- Holoprosencephalies, Alobar
- Holoprosencephaly, Alobar
- Holoprosencephaly, Familial Alobar
- Arhinencephaly
- Arhinencephalies
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