MeSH

Date introduced: November 2, 2023

Single chain carbohydrates that are the most basic units of CARBOHYDRATES. They are typically colorless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula CnH2nOn.

MONOSACCHARIDES whose molecules contain six carbon atoms, such as GLUCOSE and FRUCTOSE. They generally have the chemical formula C6H12O6.

A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Year introduced: /metabolism was GLUCOSE METABOLISM 1965

A class of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n. The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES.

Year introduced: /metabolism was CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 1963-1965

Short chain carbohydrate molecules that have hydroxyl groups attached to each carbon atom unit with the exception of one carbon that has a doubly-bond aldehyde or ketone oxygen. Cyclical sugar molecules are formed when the aldehyde or ketone groups respectively form a hemiacetal or hemiketal bond with one of the hydroxyl carbons. The three dimensional structure of the sugar molecule occurs in a vast array of biological and synthetic classes of specialized compounds including AMINO SUGARS; CARBASUGARS; DEOXY SUGARS; SUGAR ACIDS; SUGAR ALCOHOLS; and SUGAR PHOSPHATES.

Year introduced: 2018