Raynaud's phenomenon

J Vasc Nurs. 2001 Sep;19(3):87-92; quiz 93-4. doi: 10.1067/mvn.2001.117786.

Abstract

Many persons are affected by the phenomenon known as Raynaud's. Raynaud's is classified in 2 ways-as Raynaud's disease or Raynaud's syndrome. Classification is based on the presence of associated conditions. Raynaud's is characterized by vasospasm-induced color changes of the fingers, toes, and ears. The fingers are most commonly affected. Studies involving cause, diagnosis, and treatment have been instituted with varied results. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms involving digital color changes. Treatment is aimed at prevention of attacks and includes medication, stress reduction, and avoidance of vasoconstricting agents. Whether the phenomenon will develop into a more serious condition with which Raynaud's is associated is important. This article describes the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing implications with regard to Raynaud's.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / therapeutic use
  • Comorbidity
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Patient Education as Topic
  • Raynaud Disease* / classification
  • Raynaud Disease* / diagnosis
  • Raynaud Disease* / etiology
  • Raynaud Disease* / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Vasodilator Agents / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Vasodilator Agents