Down syndrome candidate region 1-like 1 (DSCR1-L1) mimics the inhibitory effects of DSCR1 on calcineurin signaling in endothelial cells and inhibits angiogenesis

J Surg Res. 2007 Sep;142(1):129-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.10.011. Epub 2007 Jul 5.

Abstract

In endothelial cells, binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to VEGF receptor 2 leads to the activation of the serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin, dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) transcription factors, translocation of NF-AT to the nucleus, and expression of angiogenesis-related genes such as Cox-2. Down syndrome candidate region 1 (DSCR1) is transactivated by NF-AT nuclear translocation, and subsequently inhibits calcineurin activity, forming a negative feedback loop. While DSCR1 has a clearly defined role as an endogenous inhibitor of VEGF-calcineurin-mediated angiogenesis in endothelial cells, the function of the DSCR1 family member, DSCR1-like 1 (DSCR1-L1), has not yet been investigated in endothelial cells. Here we show that a panel of pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin 1, hepatocyte growth factor, as well as triiodo-l-thyronine (T(3)), does not induce DSCR1-L1 up-regulation in endothelial cells, while VEGF potently up-regulates DSCR1. To investigate the effects of DSCR1-L1 on endothelial cell function, we cloned the gene into a lentiviral vector and overexpressed DSCR1-L1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Constitutive DSCR1-L1 overexpression prevented the nuclear translocation of NF-ATc1 in response to VEGF, underscoring its role as a calcineurin inhibitor. Additionally, DSCR1-L1-transduced cells inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and tube formation by 36, 77, and 39%, respectively, compared to cells infected with control virus. Overexpression of DSCR1-L1 in the transformed endothelial cell line Sven 1 ras also resulted in decreased proliferation. Our findings demonstrate that DSCR1-L1 is constitutively expressed in endothelial cells and acts similar to DSCR1 in inhibiting calcineurin activity and restraining VEGF-mediated angiogenesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiopoietin-1 / physiology
  • Calcineurin / physiology*
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Endothelium, Vascular / cytology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiology*
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / physiology
  • Hepatocyte Growth Factor / physiology
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / physiology*
  • Muscle Proteins / genetics
  • Muscle Proteins / physiology*
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Triiodothyronine / physiology
  • Up-Regulation
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / physiology

Substances

  • Angiopoietin-1
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Muscle Proteins
  • RCAN1 protein, human
  • RCAN2 protein, human
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Triiodothyronine
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
  • Hepatocyte Growth Factor
  • Calcineurin