Background: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder affecting around 1% of the world's population. In 25% of cases it has its onset prior to the age of 14 years.
Data sources: Articles on vitiligo in children published after 1995 were retrieved from PubMed. The prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, treatment and management of vitiligo in children were summarized.
Results: Vitiligo is characterized by acquired, sharply demarcated depigmented macules or patches on the skin, the mucous membranes and/or white hair and it is mainly differentiated from congenital achromic skin lesions. It is frequently associated with various autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common association in children. Information on the nature, possible causes and course of the disease leads to acceptance of the disorder and higher compliance with the treatment. The choice of medical treatment depends on the type, location and duration of lesions as well as the eagerness of the child and his/her parents to pursue therapy.
Conclusion: The management of childhood vitiligo includes information and reassurance of young patients and their parents on the disease, thyroid investigation, avoidance of trigger factors, topical treatment and proper follow-up.