A 28-year-old male with scoliosis presented with complaints of dyspnea and vomiting. His medical history revealed a mediastinal ganglioneuroma resection at the age of 2. After the surgery, he had not been followed up until his admission to our hospital. Computed tomography and MRI showed severe scoliosis of the thoracic spine and a paravertebral mass extending from the upper thoracic level to the level of renal arteries. Based on its radiological findings and the patient's history, the tumor was considered to be a recurrent ganglioneuroma. Paravertebral ganglioneuromas may cause progressive scoliosis, and a careful examination for patients with progressive scoliosis is mandatory.
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