Abstract
Most lumbar disk herniations improve over time with or without medical treatment. Disk herniations and annular tears may not be symptomatic and are shown to exist in patients without any symptoms. In some patients, chronic low back pain may result from the syndrome of internal disk disruption. Treatment of chronic pain of diskal cause can be challenging and have varying results in terms of success. The diagnosis, cause, and treatment options are reviewed in this article.
Keywords:
Annular tear; Discogenic low back pain; Internal disk disruption; Low back pain; Lumbar disk disease; Lumbar disk herniation.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Acupuncture Therapy / methods
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
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Analgesics / therapeutic use
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Behavior Therapy / methods
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Chronic Pain
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Combined Modality Therapy
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Electromyography / methods
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Female
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Humans
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Injections, Spinal
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Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / complications*
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Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / diagnosis
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Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / therapy
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Intervertebral Disc Displacement / complications*
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Intervertebral Disc Displacement / diagnosis
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Intervertebral Disc Displacement / therapy
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Low Back Pain / etiology*
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Low Back Pain / physiopathology
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Low Back Pain / therapy
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Lumbar Vertebrae
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
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Male
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Pain Management / methods*
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Physical Therapy Modalities
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Prognosis
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Risk Assessment
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Severity of Illness Index
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Spinal Fusion / methods*
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones
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Analgesics
Supplementary concepts
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Intervertebral disc disease