Purpose: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis. Surgical treatment is the first choice for chondrosarcomas. Chondrosarcoma is not sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Identification of biological markers is important for the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of chondrosarcoma. This study investigated the protein expression and clinicopathological significance of ROR2 and FRAT1 in 59 chondrosarcomas and 33 osteochondromas.
Methods: ROR2 and FRAT1 protein expression in tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry.
Results: The percentage of positive ROR2 and FRAT1 expression was significantly higher in patients with chondrosarcoma than in patients with osteochondroma (P < 0.01). The percentage of positive ROR2 and FRAT1 expression was significantly lower in patients with histological grade I, AJCC stage I/II stage, Enneking stage I, non-metastatic and invasive chondrosarcoma than patients with histological grade III, AJCC stage III/IV, Enneking stage II + III, metastatic and invasive chondrosarcoma (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). ROR2 expression was positively correlated with FRAT1 expression in chondrosarcoma. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that histological grade, AJCC stage, Enneking stage, metastasis, invasion, and ROR2 and FRAT1 expression significantly correlated with a short mean survival time of patients with chondrosarcoma (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Cox multivariate analysis showed that positive ROR2 and FRAT1 expression was an independent prognostic factor that negatively correlated with postoperative survival and positively correlated with mortality.
Conclusion: Positive ROR2 and FRAT1 expression is associated with the progression and poor prognosis of chondrosarcoma.