Acid-base disorders: learning the basics

Nutr Clin Pract. 2015 Feb;30(1):14-20. doi: 10.1177/0884533614562842. Epub 2014 Dec 22.

Abstract

Nutrition support practitioners should be confident in their ability to recognize and treat various metabolic and respiratory disorders encountered in daily practice. A clinician's comprehension of the underlying physiologic processes and/or exogenous causes that occur during acid-base disorders is essential when making therapeutic decisions regarding fluids, parenteral nutrition, and electrolyte management. This invited review will discuss basic metabolic and respiratory disorders while briefly addressing mixed acid-base disorders.

Keywords: acid-base equilibrium; acid-base imbalance; acidosis; alkalosis; nutritional support; parenteral nutrition.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acid-Base Equilibrium / physiology*
  • Acid-Base Imbalance / etiology*
  • Acid-Base Imbalance / physiopathology*
  • Acid-Base Imbalance / therapy*
  • Acidosis / therapy
  • Acidosis, Respiratory / therapy
  • Alkalosis, Respiratory / therapy
  • Electrolytes / administration & dosage
  • Electrolytes / blood
  • Electrolytes / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Nutritional Support / methods*
  • Parenteral Nutrition / methods

Substances

  • Electrolytes