We recently performed next generation sequencing (NGS) genetic screening in 11 consecutive and unrelated Tunisian HCM probands seen at Habib Thameur Hospital in Tunis in the first 6 months of 2014, as part of a cooperative study between our Institutions. The clinical diagnosis of HCM was made according to standard criteria. Using the Illumina platform, a panel of 12 genes was analyzed including myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3), beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7), regulatory and essential light chains (MYL2 and MYL3), troponin-T (TNNT2), troponin-I (TNNI3), troponin-C (TNNC1), alpha-tropomyosin (TPM1), alpha-actin (ACTC1), alpha-actinin-2 (ACTN2) as well as alfa-galactosidase (GLA), 5'-AMP-activated protein (PKRAG2), transthyretin (TTR) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2) for exclusion of phenocopies. Our preliminary data, despite limitations inherent to the small sample size, suggest that HCM in Tunisia may have a peculiar genetic background which privileges rare genes overs the classic HCM-associated MHY7 and MYBPC3 genes.