A case of chronic polyneuropathy associated with ulcerative colitis was reported. The patient was 57-year-old man who developed sensory disturbances and muscle weakness in four extremities along with the digestive symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Neurological examination revealed that sensory impairment in all modalities, muscular atrophy and weakness in the distal portions of all extremities and decreased or absent muscle stretch reflexes. Laboratory data included sedimentation rate 119mm/hour, CRP 4+, increased IgG and IgM. Lumbar puncture revealed normal CSF pressures, increased protein and IgG content with almost normal cell count. Nerve conduction velocity was delayed dominantly in sensory nerves. Sural nerve biopsy demonstrated degeneration of myelin sheath and decreased number of large fibers. Teased nerve study showed shortened internodal distances with myelin ovoids. These data together with the clinical course of this patient suggested that this peripheral neuropathy might be resulted from the common pathogenesis for ulcerative colitis which is considered as autoimmune disease.