Contemporary management of pyloric stenosis

Semin Pediatr Surg. 2016 Aug;25(4):219-24. doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.05.004. Epub 2016 May 10.

Abstract

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common surgical cause of vomiting in infants. Following appropriate fluid resuscitation, the mainstay of treatment is pyloromyotomy. This article reviews the aetiology and pathophysiology of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, its clinical presentation, the role of imaging, the preoperative and postoperative management, current surgical approaches and non-surgical treatment options. Contemporary postoperative feeding regimens, outcomes and complications are also discussed.

Keywords: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; Metabolic alkalosis; Pyloromyotomy; Vomiting.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atropine / therapeutic use
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Parasympatholytics / therapeutic use
  • Perioperative Care / methods
  • Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* / diagnosis
  • Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* / therapy
  • Pylorus / surgery

Substances

  • Parasympatholytics
  • Atropine