An update of the state of the art of cancer chemotherapeutic treatment of genitourinary tract cancer is described in this multi-part series. Included in the review are cancers of the kidney, bladder, prostate, testicle, ovary, uterus, vulva, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. Part 2 focuses on Wilms' tumor and bladder cancer.Major advances have been made in the control of Wilms' tumor in children. The combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have significantly improved survival rates. Likewise, the early diagnosis and control of bladder cancer has also improved survival. Surgery predominates among the treatment modalities for carcinoma of the bladder. Important progress is being made in the control of these conditions, as well as with other tumors of the genitourinary tract, with the use of cancer chemotherapy.