Autism and Equine-Assisted Interventions: A Systematic Mapping Review

J Autism Dev Disord. 2017 Oct;47(10):3220-3242. doi: 10.1007/s10803-017-3219-9.

Abstract

This systematic mapping review mapped current knowledge of equine-assisted interventions for people with autism to help guide future practice and research. Thirty-three studies including children and adolescents with autism, 3 of which confirmed diagnoses, were reviewed. Five types of equine-assisted activities were identified across 25 studies, with reported improvements in behavior, social interaction, and communication. Four types of equine-assisted therapies were identified across 8 studies, with reported improvements in motor control and self-care. Different approaches to therapeutic riding and hippotherapy, the most studied interventions, were evident. While this literature reflected early scientific development, it offered broad proof of concept that equine-assisted interventions can benefit children and adolescents with autism. Promising outcomes support continued investigation focused on standardization, appropriateness, and efficacy.

Keywords: Autism; Equine-assisted activities and therapies; Hippotherapy; Review; Therapeutic riding.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Animals
  • Autistic Disorder / diagnosis
  • Autistic Disorder / psychology*
  • Autistic Disorder / therapy*
  • Child
  • Communication*
  • Equine-Assisted Therapy / methods*
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Self Care / methods
  • Self Care / psychology