Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis

Clin Perinatol. 2018 Mar;45(1):31-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.10.001. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

Abstract

Neonatal thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) is less prevalent than congenital hypothyroidism; however, it can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and adequately treated. Most cases are transient, secondary to maternal autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease [GD]). This article summarizes recommendations for screening and management of hyperthyroidism in both the fetal and neonatal periods, with a focus on neonatal thyrotoxicosis secondary to maternal GD. Early monitoring and treatment are crucial for optimizing short-term and long-term patient outcomes.

Keywords: Fetal; Graves disease; Hyperthyroidism; Neonatal; Thyrotoxicosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Antithyroid Agents / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fetal Diseases / etiology
  • Fetal Diseases / metabolism*
  • Graves Disease / complications
  • Graves Disease / drug therapy
  • Graves Disease / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hyperthyroidism / drug therapy
  • Hyperthyroidism / metabolism*
  • Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating / metabolism
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / drug therapy
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / etiology
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases / metabolism*
  • Maternal-Fetal Exchange
  • Methimazole / therapeutic use
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / metabolism*
  • Propranolol / therapeutic use
  • Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / complications
  • Thyrotoxicosis / drug therapy
  • Thyrotoxicosis / etiology
  • Thyrotoxicosis / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Antithyroid Agents
  • Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating
  • thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin
  • Methimazole
  • Propranolol