Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Pediatr Clin North Am. 2019 Feb;66(1):227-234. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2018.09.006.

Abstract

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) results from the inability of the late distal tubules and collecting ducts to respond to vasopressin. The lack of ability to concentrate urine results in polyuria and polydipsia. Primary and acquired forms of NDI exist in children. Congenital NDI is a result of mutation in AVPR2 or AQP2 genes. Secondary NDI is associated with electrolyte abnormalities, obstructive uropathy, or certain medications. Management of NDI can be difficult with only symptomatic treatment available, using low-solute diet, diuretics, and prostaglandin inhibitors.

Keywords: Aquaporin; Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; Polydipsia; Polyuria; Vasopressin.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / diagnosis*
  • Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / etiology
  • Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / therapy*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Diet, Sodium-Restricted
  • Diuretics / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Molecular Chaperones / therapeutic use
  • Prostaglandin Antagonists / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Diuretics
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Prostaglandin Antagonists