Hereditary Autoinflammatory Disorders: Recognition and Treatment

Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2019 Feb;39(1):13-29. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2018.08.004. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Abstract

The autoinflammatory diseases encompass approximately 30 monogenic disorders in which inborn errors in the innate immune system lead to episodic systemic inflammation. Largely mediated by dysregulation of myeloid cells, interleukin (IL)-1β, type I interferon, and NF-κB, these disorders have rapidly expanded over the past several years, and increasing numbers of patients identified. Crossover disorders, bridging autoinflammation and immunodeficiency, have recently been described. This article focuses on the clinical presentation of IL-1 and interferon-driven autoinflammatory disorders, and discusses novel diseases with features of immunodeficiency. Approaches to the clinical diagnosis, genetic testing, and treatment of these disorders are addressed.

Keywords: Autoinflammation; Immunodeficiency; Innate immunity; Interferon; Interleukin-1; Recurrent fever.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autoimmunity
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases / etiology
  • Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases / metabolism
  • Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Inflammasomes / metabolism

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Inflammasomes