Congenital Diarrheal Diseases

Mira Younis; Radhika Rastogi; Ankur Chugh; Shantanu Rastogi; Hany Aly

doi:10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.007

Congenital Diarrheal Diseases

Clin Perinatol. 2020 Jun;47(2):301-321. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.007. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Authors

Mira Younis¹, Radhika Rastogi², Ankur Chugh³, Shantanu Rastogi⁴, Hany Aly⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neonatology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, 9500 Euclid Avenue, M31-37, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner's College of Medicine, EC-10 Cleveland Clinic, 9501 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
² Cleveland Clinic Lerner's College of Medicine, EC-10 Cleveland Clinic, 9501 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
³ Pediatric Gastroenterology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9000 W. Wisconsin Av, 6(th) Floor Clinics, Suite 610, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
⁴ Newborn Services, George Washington University Hospital, Children's National Medical Center, 900 23rd Street, NW G2092, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
⁵ Department of Neonatology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, 9500 Euclid Avenue, M31-37, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner's College of Medicine, EC-10 Cleveland Clinic, 9501 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address: alyh@ccf.org.

PMID: 32439113
DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.007

Abstract

Early diagnosis of diarrhea is critical to prevent disease progression. Diarrhea in newborns can be congenital or acquired; acquired diarrheas are the major cause in infants. Congenital diarrheal diseases are rare and include defects in digestion, absorption, and transport of nutrients, and electrolytes; disorders of enterocyte differentiation and polarization; defects of enteroendocrine cell differentiation; dysregulation of the intestinal immune response; and dysfunction of the immune system. This review discusses the clinical approach that may help in early identification and management of different congenital diarrheal diseases.

Keywords: Congenital; Diarrhea; Enzyme deficiency; Intestinal transplant; Parenteral nutrition; Stem cell transplant.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Diarrhea, Infantile / congenital*
Diarrhea, Infantile / physiopathology
Diarrhea, Infantile / therapy*
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Risk Factors