Risk stratification in cardiomyopathy

Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020 Dec;27(2_suppl):52-58. doi: 10.1177/2047487320961898.

Abstract

Prognostic stratification of cardiomyopathies represents a cornerstone for the appropriate management of patients and is focused mainly on arrhythmic events and heart failure. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing provides additional prognostic information, particularly in the setting of heart failure. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing data, integrated in scores such as the Metabolism Exercise Cardiac Kidney Index score have been shown to improve the risk stratification of these patients. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing has been analysed as a potential supplier of prognostic parameters in the context of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, for which it has been shown that a reduced oxygen consumption peak, an increased ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope and chronotropic incompetence correlate with a worse prognosis. To a lesser extent, in dilated cardiomyopathy, it has been shown that the percentage of oxygen consumption peak, not the pure value, and the ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope are associated with a greater cardiovascular risk. Few data are available about other cardiomyopathies (arrhythmogenic and restrictive). Cardiomyopathy patients should be early and routinely referred to heart failure advanced centres in order to perform a comprehensive risk stratification which should include a cardiopulmonary exercise test, with variables and cut-offs shown to improve their risk stratification.

Keywords: CPET; Cardiomyopathy; MECKY score; exercise; prognosis; risk stratification.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cardiomyopathies / diagnosis*
  • Cardiomyopathies / physiopathology
  • Cardiomyopathies / therapy
  • Cardiorespiratory Fitness*
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Echocardiography
  • Exercise Test
  • Exercise Tolerance*
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Humans
  • Oxygen Consumption
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Risk Assessment

Substances

  • Biomarkers