Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Cancer

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2021 Jul;31(3):451-465. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2021.03.003.

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is present in approximately one-half of the world's population. There are significant differences in prevalence based on region, age, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. H pylori is the most common cause of infection-related cancers. Studies have demonstrated the relationship between H pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H pylori has features and enzymatic properties allowing it to survive in the acidic stomach environment, and has specific virulence factors that promote an increased risk of gastric pathology. Eradication of H pylori is first-line therapy for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and decreases the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Keywords: Gastric adenocarcinoma; Gastric cancer; Helicobacter pylori; MALT lymphoma.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Helicobacter Infections* / complications
  • Helicobacter Infections* / epidemiology
  • Helicobacter pylori*
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* / drug therapy
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* / epidemiology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* / etiology
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / etiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents