Dacryops and clinical diagnostic challenges

Can J Ophthalmol. 2022 Dec;57(6):388-393. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2021.06.014. Epub 2021 Jul 26.

Abstract

Objective: The study aims to describe the clinical and histopathologic features of different types of dacryops and their clinical diagnostic challenges.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all surgically excised cases of dacryops in 2 tertiary eye hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Results: The study included 58 dacryops specimens from 55 patients with an average age of 41.2 years (range, 4-78 years). The most common location was the upper lid (60.3%), whereas the least expected location was the caruncle (6.9%). The most common site of dacryops occurrence was in the accessory lacrimal gland (55.2%), the main lacrimal gland (32.8%), and then ectopic dacryops (12%). All patients presented with lid swelling alone except for 3 patients who experienced secondary mechanical ptosis. On physical examination, conjunctival scarring existed in 4 patients (6.9%). Preoperative diagnosis of dacryops was accurate in 44.8% of the cases. Dacryops of the main lacrimal gland was accurately diagnosed clinically in all cases compared with other locations, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The causes of inaccurate clinical diagnoses were hidrocystoma (26.9%), inclusion cyst (11.5%), and dermoid cyst (7.7%), whereas the remaining cases were diagnosed as cysts without a specific subtype (53.9%). Recurrence of the lesion was observed in 2 cases (3.5%). No clinical or histopathologic factors were associated with a risk of recurrence.

Conclusion: Dacryops can represent a diagnostic challenge to ophthalmologists. Familiarity with clinical presentations and findings is required to diagnose dacryops outside the main lacrimal gland.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cicatrix / etiology
  • Conjunctival Diseases / etiology
  • Cysts / diagnosis
  • Cysts / etiology
  • Cysts / surgery
  • Humans
  • Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* / pathology
  • Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* / surgery
  • Lacrimal Apparatus* / pathology
  • Lacrimal Apparatus* / surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult