Acid-base disorders: A primer for clinicians

Nutr Clin Pract. 2022 Oct;37(5):980-989. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10881. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Abstract

An understanding of acid-base physiology is necessary for clinicians to recognize and correct problems that may negatively affect provision of nutrition support and drug therapy. An overview of acid-base physiology, the different acid-base disorders encountered in practice, a stepwise approach to evaluate arterial blood gases, and other key diagnostic tools helpful in formulating a safe and effective medical and nutrition plan are covered in this acid-base primer. Case scenarios are also provided for the application of principles and the development of clinical skills.

Keywords: acid-base disorder; acidosis; alkalosis; blood gas analysis; nutrition support; pH.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acid-Base Equilibrium / physiology
  • Acid-Base Imbalance* / diagnosis
  • Acid-Base Imbalance* / therapy
  • Acidosis* / diagnosis
  • Alkalosis* / diagnosis
  • Alkalosis, Respiratory* / diagnosis
  • Blood Gas Analysis
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration