show Abstracthide AbstractThe liver, in particular, plays an important role in adaptive metabolic adjustment during the hibernating period. Studies on mammals reveal that many genes involved in metabolism are differentially expressed during the hibernating period. However, the differentiation in global gene expression between active and torpid states in the Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans) remains largely unknown. We herein analyzed gene expression in the liver between active and torpid B. gargarizans using next-generation sequencing technology. In addition, we evaluated the differentiation of sequence between females and males.