show Abstracthide Abstractwe collected and identified a superior wild castor , with higher oil content and larger seed size and weight compared with cultivars. This superior wild castor may provide important germplasm resources for the cultivation of new varieties of castor bean with high yield and high oil content. To investigate the genetic variations that controls the advantage phenotypes in the superior wild castor ,we assembled a chromosome-scale genomes of the superior wild castor using the Super-long read sequencing of Oxford nanopore technology and Hi-C sequencing, and performed comparative genomic and evolutionary studies with the inbred cultivar genome, Hale(ref) (NSL4773).Our research provides an important resource for future molecular breeding and evolutionary studies.