From: Childhood Cancer Genomics (PDQ®)
PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet].
Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002-.
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Table 3. Comparison of Thyroid Carcinoma Characteristics in Children and Adolescents and Adultsa
| Characteristic | Children and Adolescents (%) | Adults (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Histologic subtype: | ||
| Papillary | 67–98 | 85–90 |
| Follicular | 4–23 | <10 |
| Medullary | 2–8 | 3 |
| Poorly differentiated | <0.1 | 2–7 |
| Gene rearrangements: | ||
| RET/PTC | 38–87 | 0–35 |
| NTRK 1 | 5–11 | 5–13 |
| AKAP9-BRAF | 11 | 1 |
| PAX8-PPARG | Unknown | 0–50 |
| Point mutations: | ||
| BRAF | 0–63 | 0–43 |
| RAS family | 0–16 | 25–69 |
| GNAS | 0 | 11 |
| TP53 | 0–23 | 0–20 |
| Other: | ||
| Multicentric | 30–50 | 40–56 |
| Lymph node involvement | 30–90 | 5–55 |
| Extrathyroid extension | 24–51 | 16–46 |
| Vascular invasion | <31 | 14–37 |
| Distant metastases | 10–20 | 5–10 |
aAdapted from Yamashita et al.[5]